موصايا — لاهوت

موصايا — ادعاءات لاهوتية

67 ادعاء لاهوتي.

atom_mos_01_005

I say unto you, my sons, were it not for these things, which have been kept and preserved by the hand of God, that we might read and understand of his mysteries, and have his commandments always before our eyes, that even our fathers would have dwindled in unbelief, and we should have been like unto our brethren, the Lamanites, who know nothing concerning these things, or even do not believe them …

يؤكد بنيامين أن بقاء السجل محفوظًا بيد الله هو ما يمنع الانحدار إلى عدم الإيمان، ويقارن ذلك بحال اللامانيين الذين تحجبهم تقاليد الآباء غير الصحيحة.

• الثيمات: divine preservation, belief, tradition
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_claim_preserved_records_prevent_7d342f, cq_contrasting_recipients_unbelieving_ancestors_0ccd12

atom_mos_02_003

And also that they might give thanks to the Lord their God, who had brought them out of the land of Jerusalem, and who had delivered them out of the hands of their enemies, and had appointed just men to be their teachers, and also a just man to be their king, who had established peace in the land of Zarahemla, and who had taught them to keep the commandments of God

يربط النص العبادة بالشكر لله على الخروج والنجاة وتعيين معلمين وملك عادل، وعلى السلام والتعليم بالطاعة.

• الثيمات: deliverance, gratitude, kingship
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_linking_gratitude_deliverance_appointed_108e0b, cq_extent_passage_idealize_monarchy_469ff0

atom_mos_02_009

if ye should render all the thanks and praise… to that God who has created you, and has kept and preserved you… if ye should serve him… yet ye would be unprofitable servants. And behold, all that he requires of you is to keep his commandments; and he has promised you that if ye would keep his commandments ye should prosper in the land

يؤكد النص أن الشكر لله لا يساوي فضله، وأن المطلوب الأساسي هو حفظ الوصايا، مع وعد بالازدهار في الأرض.

• الثيمات: obedience, gratitude, prosperity
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_claim_humans_remain_unprofitable_ccc1a7, cq_theological_ethical_implications_tying_bcdc4e

atom_mos_02_010

ye cannot say that ye are even as much as the dust of the earth; yet ye were created of the dust of the earth… I have caused that ye should assemble yourselves together, that I might be found blameless, and that your blood should not come upon me

يخفض النص قيمة الإنسان أمام الخالق إلى أصل ترابي، ثم يربط الاجتماع بمسؤولية الملك عن تبرئة نفسه من دم الشعب قبل موته.

• الثيمات: mortality, judgment, responsibility
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_dust_imagery_function_rhetorically_00cc39, cq_king_concern_people_blood_423dc1

atom_mos_03_004

And he shall be called Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the Father of heaven and earth, the Creator of all things from the beginning; and his mother shall be called Mary.

And lo, he cometh unto his own, that salvation might come unto the children of men even through faith on his name

تحدد الرسالة هوية المخلّص باسمه وعلاقته البنوية والإبداعية، وتربط مجيئه بخلاص البشر عبر الإيمان باسمه، مع الإشارة إلى رفضه من خاصته.

• الثيمات: identity, salvation, faith, rejection
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_what_is_the_significance_of_naming_jesus_christ_and_mary_here_does_this_function_as_prophecy_retrospective_theology_or_literary_anchoring_to_the_gospels, cq_how_does_the_claim_that_he_comes_to_his_own_to_offer_salvation_through_faith_interact_with_the_texts_broader_treatment_of_rejection_election_and_universalism

atom_mos_03_006

his blood atoneth for the sins of those who have fallen by the transgression of Adam

But wo, wo unto him who knoweth that he rebelleth against God! For salvation cometh to none such except it be through repentance and faith on the Lord Jesus Christ.

تقدّم الذرة تفسيرًا كفاريًا لدم المسيح بوصفه علاجًا لسقوط آدم والخطيئة الجاهلة، لكنها تشدد على أن المتمرد الواعي لا ينال الخلاص إلا بالتوبة والإيمان.

• الثيمات: atonement, adam, repentance, faith
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_what_theological_model_of_original_sin_is_assumed_here_and_how_does_it_differ_from_or_align_with_early_christian_and_reformation_atonement_doctrines, cq_how_does_the_strict_distinction_between_unwitting_sinners_and_knowingly_rebellious_people_shape_the_texts_moral_logic_and_conception_of_accountability

atom_mos_03_007

the Lord God hath sent his holy prophets among all the children of men, to declare these things to every kindred, nation, and tongue

And the Lord God saw that his people were a stiffnecked people, and he appointed unto them a law, even the law of Moses.

And many signs, and wonders, and types, and shadows showed he unto them, concerning his coming

تربط الذرة بين إرسال الأنبياء إلى جميع الشعوب وبين منح الشريعة الموسوية لشعب عنيد، مع الإشارة إلى أن العلامات والرموز كانت تمهيدًا لمجيء المسيح.

• الثيمات: prophets, law_of_moses, types_and_shadows, covenant
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_claim_that_god_sent_prophets_to_all_nations_function_as_a_universalizing_strategy_while_still_centering_israelite_law_and_chosen_people_status, cq_what_is_the_intertextual_relationship_between_the_law_of_moses_and_the_types_and_shadows_language_here_and_hebrew_bible_or_new_testament_typology

atom_mos_03_008

little children could sin they could not be saved; but I say unto you they are blessed; for behold, as in Adam, or by nature, they fall, even so the blood of Christ atoneth for their sins.

And moreover, I say unto you, that there shall be no other name given nor any other way nor means whereby salvation can come unto the children of men, only in and through the name of Christ

تؤكد الذرة براءة الأطفال وخضوعهم لفداء المسيح، ثم تحصر طريق الخلاص في اسم المسيح وحده دون بديل آخر.

• الثيمات: children, atonement, exclusivity, salvation
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_what_are_the_theological_and_ethical_implications_of_claiming_that_infants_are_saved_through_christ_despite_their_inability_to_sin, cq_how_does_the_assertion_that_there_is_no_other_name_or_way_of_salvation_serve_exclusivist_boundary_formation_and_how_does_it_compare_with_other_christian_soteriologies

atom_mos_03_009

For the natural man is an enemy to God, and has been from the fall of Adam, and will be, forever and ever, unless he yields to the enticings of the Holy Spirit

And moreover, I say unto you, that the time shall come when the knowledge of the Savior shall spread throughout every nation, kindred, tongue, and people.

تصف الذرة الإنسان الطبيعي بوصفه معاديًا لله ما لم يستجب للروح، ثم تتنبأ بانتشار معرفة المخلّص إلى جميع الأمم والشعوب.

• الثيمات: natural_man, holy_spirit, universal_knowledge
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_what_anthropology_is_implied_by_describing_the_natural_man_as_an_enemy_to_god_and_how_does_this_shape_the_texts_view_of_human_agency_and_transformation, cq_how_does_the_prediction_that_knowledge_of_the_savior_will_spread_to_every_nation_function_as_missionary_teleology_and_how_plausible_is_it_historically

atom_mos_03_011

every man according to his works, whether they be good, or whether they be evil.

And if they be evil they are consigned to an awful view of their own guilt and abominations, which doth cause them to shrink from the presence of the Lord into a state of misery and endless torment

And their torment is as a lake of fire and brimstone, whose flames are unquenchable, and whose smoke ascendeth up forev…

تختتم الذرة بمشهد دينونة جزائية: كل إنسان يُجازى بحسب أعماله، والأشرار يواجهون ذنبهم ثم يُطرحون في عذاب أبدي مصوَّر بصور نارية.

• الثيمات: judgment, punishment, hell, works
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_texts_emphasis_on_judgment_according_to_works_reconcile_with_its_other_claims_about_salvation_by_faith_and_what_tension_does_this_create, cq_what_does_the_vivid_imagery_of_shame_misery_and_endless_torment_reveal_about_the_texts_rhetorical_strategy_for_moral_control_and_escha_tological_fear

atom_mos_04_002

And they had viewed themselves in their own carnal state, even less than the dust of the earth. And they all cried aloud with one voice, saying: O have mercy, and apply the atoning blood of Christ that we may receive forgiveness of our sins, and our hearts may be purified;

الجمع يقيّمون أنفسهم بوصفهم في حالة جسدية/ساقطة متدنية جدًا، ثم يصرخون جماعيًا طالبين الرحمة والتطهير والغفران بوساطة دم المسيح الكفاري.

• الثيمات: sin, atonement, mercy
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_0_how_does_the_text_construct_humility_as_a_precondition_for_salvation_and_what_theological_assumptions_about_human_depravity_underlie_this_scene, cq_0_to_what_extent_does_the_language_of_being_less_than_dust_echo_or_rework_biblical_penitential_traditions_and_what_does_that_suggest_about_textual_dependence

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for we believe in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who created heaven and earth, and all things; who shall come down among the children of men. And it came to pass that after they had spoken these words the Spirit of the Lord came upon them, and they were filled with joy, having received a remission of their sins

إعلان الإيمان بيسوع المسيح بوصفه ابن الله والخالق يليه حلول روح الرب عليهم، فتأتيهم فرحة ومغفرة للخطايا.

• الثيمات: faith, creation, remission
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_1_what_is_the_significance_of_identifying_jesus_as_creator_of_heaven_and_earth_in_a_pre_christian_setting_and_how_does_this_shape_the_texts_christology, cq_1_how_does_the_sequence_of_confession_spirit_filling_and_remission_function_narratively_to_validate_the_groups_experience_and_authority

atom_mos_04_005

the atonement which has been prepared from the foundation of the world, that thereby salvation might come to him that should put his trust in the Lord, and should be diligent in keeping his commandments… And this is the means whereby salvation cometh. And there is none other salvation save this which hath been spoken of

الخلاص يُعرض هنا كخطة معدّة منذ تأسيس العالم، ولا يتحقق إلا عبر الثقة بالرب والطاعة الدائمة؛ ولا توجد وسيلة بديلة.

• الثيمات: atonement, salvation, obedience
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_2_how_does_the_claim_that_salvation_was_prepared_from_the_foundation_of_the_world_interact_with_free_will_obedience_and_divine_sovereignty, cq_2_what_are_the_implications_of_the_exclusive_formula_there_is_none_other_salvation_for_the_texts_treatment_of_non_mormon_or_non_christian_paths

atom_mos_05_002

we believe all the words which thou hast spoken unto us; and also, we know of their surety and truth, because of the Spirit of the Lord Omnipotent, which has wrought a mighty change in us

الشعب يعلن إيمانه بكلام بنيامين، ويعزو يقينه إلى عمل روح الرب القدير الذي أحدث تحولًا داخليًا عميقًا فيهم.

• الثيمات: spirit, conversion, truth
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_appeal_mighty_change_wrought_51ac3f, cq_theological_implications_grounding_certainty_f20434

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it is the faith which we have had on the things which our king has spoken unto us that has brought us to this great knowledge

المعرفة الدينية هنا تُنسب إلى الإيمان بكلام الملك، لا إلى الاستقلال الفكري؛ فالإيمان هو الطريق إلى الفهم والفرح.

• الثيمات: faith, knowledge, joy
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_assertion_knowledge_comes_through_bc64a2, cq_relationship_between_faith_knowledge_b36ce1

atom_mos_05_007

the covenant which ye have made is a righteous covenant. And now, because of the covenant which ye have made ye shall be called the children of Christ

بنيامين يقرّ العهد بوصفه عهدًا صالحًا، ثم يمنحه أثرًا هوياتيًا: من يدخل فيه يُسمّى من الآن أبناء المسيح.

• الثيمات: identity, covenant, sonship
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_designation_children_christ_imply_d3f0d2, cq_might_covenant_language_function_4ce8a1

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this day he hath spiritually begotten you; for ye say that your hearts are changed through faith on his name

يصف بنيامين التحول الروحي للشعب بلغة الولادة الجديدة، رابطًا ذلك بتغيّر القلب الناتج عن الإيمان باسم المسيح.

• الثيمات: new_birth, faith, transformation
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_metaphor_spiritual_begetting_function_b0714a, cq_theological_assumptions_faith_inner_6a9434

atom_mos_05_009

There is no other name given whereby salvation cometh; therefore, I would that ye should take upon you the name of Christ

النص يحصر الخلاص في اسم واحد، ثم يحوّل ذلك إلى دعوة عملية: أن يحمل المؤمنون اسم المسيح بوصفه هويتهم الجديدة.

• الثيمات: salvation, name, identity
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_implications_asserting_salvation_comes_eb0534, cq_command_take_upon_oneself_c2a0b8

atom_mos_05_013

Christ, the Lord God Omnipotent, may seal you his, that you may be brought to heaven, that ye may have everlasting salvation and eternal life

يختم بنيامين المقطع بوعد خلاصي: الثبات في الأعمال الصالحة يفضي إلى أن يَختم المسيح المؤمنين كملكه، ويقودهم إلى السماء والحياة الأبدية.

• الثيمات: salvation, sealing, eternal_life
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_significance_christ_described_seals_7fd992, cq_promise_eternal_salvation_here_d8dcef

atom_mos_06_002

And it came to pass that there was not one soul, except it were little children, but who had entered into the covenant and had taken upon them the name of Christ.

يؤكد النص أن الجماعة كلها تقريبًا دخلت في العهد، باستثناء الأطفال الصغار، وأنهم تبنّوا اسم المسيح بوصفه علامة انتماء ديني.

• الثيمات: identity, covenant, christ
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_text_emphasize_nearly_everyone_04ef5b, cq_universal_taking_christ_name_7d07f1

atom_mos_07_009

it is because of our iniquities and abominations that he has brought us into bondage… Zeniff… being deceived by the cunning and craftiness of king Laman… all this he did, for the sole purpose of bringing this people into subjection or into bondage

يُفسَّر الاستعباد الحالي بوصفه نتيجة للآثام، مع إعادة سرد كيف خُدع زينيف في معاهدة مكّنت لامان من إخضاع الشعب وفرض الجزية عليهم.

• الثيمات: sin, bondage, history
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_07_009_theodicy_and_blaming_suffering_on_sin, cq_mos_07_009_historical_claims_about_lamanite_deception

atom_mos_07_012

I will not succor my people in the day of their transgression; but I will hedge up their ways that they prosper not… If my people shall sow filthiness they shall reap… But if ye will turn to the Lord with full purpose of heart… he will… deliver you out of bondage.

يستشهد لِمحي بكلام الرب عن أن التعدي يمنع المعونة ويجلب العثرات والخراب، لكنه يختتم بوعد أن التوبة الكاملة والثقة بالله تقودان إلى التحرير من العبودية.

• الثيمات: repentance, judgment, deliverance
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_07_012_covenant_logic_of_punishment_and_deliverance, cq_mos_07_012_intertextual_echoes_of_sowing_and_reaping

atom_mos_08_011

a seer is a revelator and a prophet also … a seer can know of things which are past, and also of things which are to come

يقدّم النص تعريفًا وظيفيًا للرائي بوصفه كاشفًا للماضي والمستقبل، ويمنحه قدرة على إظهار ما كان خفيًا.

• الثيمات: seer, prophet, revelation, knowledge
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_08_011_authority_of_the_seer_office, cq_mos_08_011_epistemology_of_revelation_and_history

atom_mos_08_012

Thus God has provided a means that man, through faith, might work mighty miracles

يعلن النص أن الله أوجد وسيلة تمكّن الإنسان، عبر الإيمان، من صنع معجزات عظيمة.

• الثيمات: faith, miracles, divine means
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_08_012_authenticity_how_does_the_language_of_divinely_provided_means_for_miracles_compare_with_19th_century_revivalist_or_restorationist_discourse_about_faith_and_power, cq_mos_08_012_theology_does_this_statement_imply_that_miracles_are_available_to_any_believer_through_faith_or_only_to_authorized_religious_agents_and_how_does_that_shape_the_texts_view_of_divine_human_agency

atom_mos_09_011

And God did hear our cries and did answer our prayers; and we did go forth in his might; yea, we did go forth against the Lamanites, and in one day and a night we did slay three thousand and forty-three; we did slay them even until we had driven them out of our land.

يقدّم النص الاستجابة الإلهية للصلاة بوصفها سببًا مباشرًا للنصر العسكري، إذ يُنسب الطرد الكامل للعدو إلى معونة الله.

• الثيمات: divine aid, victory, prayer
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_09_011_theological_how_does_the_attribution_of_military_victory_to_answered_prayer_interact_with_the_texts_broader_claims_about_divine_justice_and_selected_peoples, cq_mos_09_011_historical_what_criteria_would_a_critical_reader_use_to_evaluate_the_plausibility_of_the_reported_casualty_count_and_the_claim_that_divine_aid_directly_caused_the_victory

atom_mos_10_008

And it came to pass that we did go up to battle against the Lamanites; and I, even I, in my old age, did go up to battle against the Lamanites. And it came to pass that we did go up in the strength of the Lord to battle.

يشارك زينيف نفسه في القتال رغم كبر سنه، ويؤطر المواجهة بأنها تتم بقوة الرب لا بالقوة البشرية وحدها.

• الثيمات: divine strength, battle, faith
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_10_008_theological_what_is_the_significance_of_an_elderly_leader_participating_in_battle_in_the_strength_of_the_lord_and_how_does_this_function_as_a_model_of_piety_and_authority, cq_mos_10_008_intertextual_how_does_the_phrase_strength_of_the_lord_echo_biblical_war_narratives_and_does_it_recast_military_conflict_as_a_test_of_faith

atom_mos_10_009

Now, the Lamanites knew nothing concerning the Lord, nor the strength of the Lord, therefore they depended upon their own strength. … believing in the tradition of their fathers…

يقارن النص بين اعتماد اللامانيين على قوتهم الخاصة وجهلهم بالرب، وبين تفسيرهم لهويتهم عبر تقليد الآباء والذاكرة الجماعية للظلم.

• الثيمات: ignorance, tradition, identity
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_10_009_intertextual_how_does_the_portrayal_of_the_lamanites_as_ignorant_of_the_lord_reproduce_or_modify_biblical_othering_strategies_and_what_work_does_that_do_in_the_narrative, cq_mos_10_009_historical_to_what_extent_does_the_explanation_of_lamanite_identity_through_ancestral_tradition_and_collective_memory_reflect_actual_ethnogenesis_or_a_polemical_community_myth

atom_mos_12_002

Thus has the Lord commanded me, saying—Abinadi, go and prophesy unto this my people, for they have hardened their hearts against my words; they have repented not of their evil doings

أبينادي يقدّم نفسه رسولًا مأمورًا من الرب، ويعلّل رسالته بأن الشعب قسا قلبه ولم يتب عن أعماله الشريرة.

• الثيمات: hardness of heart, repentance, divine command
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_abinadi_claim_direct_divine_d3489b, cq_description_hardened_hearts_reveal_07fe7f

atom_mos_12_011

We teach the law of Moses. … Doth salvation come by the law of Moses? What say ye?

يُعلن الكهنة أنهم يعلّمون شريعة موسى، لكن أبينادي يحوّل الجواب إلى سؤال حاسم حول ما إذا كانت الشريعة نفسها مصدر الخلاص.

• الثيمات: law of moses, salvation, obedience
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_theological_implication_question_whether_10fd70, cq_intertextual_relationship_ways_exchange_88b606

atom_mos_13_002

Touch me not, for God shall smite you if ye lay your hands upon me, for I have not delivered the message which the Lord sent me to deliver; neither have I told you that which ye requested that I should tell; therefore, God will not suffer that I shall be destroyed at this time.

But I must fulfil the commandments wherewith God has commanded me

أبي ناداي يعلن أن حياته محمية مؤقتًا لأنه لم يُكمل رسالته بعد، ويقدّم نفسه كمن يلتزم بأمر إلهي أعلى من تهديد السلطة.

• الثيمات: divine protection, mission, obedience
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_textual_authenticity_assertion_temporary_a848c8, cq_theological_implication_abinadi_claim_5d74c8

atom_mos_13_009

salvation cometh by the law of Moses… but I say unto you, that the time shall come when it shall no more be expedient to keep the law of Moses.

And moreover, I say unto you, that salvation doth not come by the law alone; and were it not for the atonement… they must unavoidably perish

أبي ناداي يقرّ بمرحلية شريعة موسى، لكنه يصرّ على أن الخلاص لا يتحقق بالشريعة وحدها بل يحتاج إلى كفارة إلهية.

• الثيمات: law and grace, atonement, salvation
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_text_reconcile_the_claim_that_salvation_comes_by_the_law_of_moses_with_the_assertion_that_the_law_will_no_longer_be_expeditious_or_sufficient, cq_does_this_passage_recast_the_law_of_moses_as_a_transitional_device_to_validate_christian_atonement_and_if_so_what_does_that_imply_about_jewish_religious_authority

atom_mos_13_010

there was a law given them, yea, a law of performances and of ordinances… to keep them in remembrance of God and their duty towards him.

But behold, I say unto you, that all these things were types of things to come.

النص يفسر الشريعة القديمة بأنها نظام من الفرائض والطقوس هدفه التذكير بالله، كما يقدّمها بوصفها ظلالًا لحقائق مستقبلية.

• الثيمات: ordinances, memory, typology
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_in_what_way_does_describing_the_law_as_ordinances_and_types_of_things_to_come_function_as_a_retrospective_christian_reading_of_israelite_practice, cq_does_the_typological_framing_reduce_the_old_law_to_a_symbolic_placeholder_and_how_might_that_shape_the_texts_view_of_religious_observance

atom_mos_14_004

Surely he has borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows; yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.

يقدّم النص تفسيرًا كفاريًا لآلامه: فهو يحمل آلام الآخرين، وتُفهم جراحه بوصفها مرتبطة بخطاياهم وشفاءهم.

• الثيمات: atonement, healing, sin
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_does_the_passage_advocate_a_substitutionary_atonement_model_and_if_so_how_does_that_model_interact_with_ideas_of_divine_justice_and_mercy, cq_how_should_scholars_interpret_the_link_between_physical_wounding_and_moral_healing_is_it_literal_metaphorical_or_both

atom_mos_14_005

All we, like sheep, have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid on him the iniquities of us all.

يعترف النص بانحراف الجميع عن الطريق المستقيم، ثم يربط ذلك بحمل شخص واحد لخطايا الجماعة كلها.

• الثيمات: sin, substitution, collective guilt
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_language_of_universal_deviation_and_collective_iniquity_construct_a_shared_human_problem_that_requires_vicarious_redemption, cq_what_are_the_ethical_implications_of_attributing_the_iniquities_of_all_to_one_person_and_how_does_that_shape_conceptions_of_responsibility

atom_mos_14_008

And he made his grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death; because he had done no evil, neither was any deceit in his mouth.

يبرز النص براءته الأخلاقية رغم موته بين الأشرار وارتباطه بالموت والدفن، مما يعمّق مفارقة مصيره.

• الثيمات: innocence, death, righteousness
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_why_does_the_text_emphasize_both_innocence_and_association_with_the_wicked_and_the_rich_and_how_does_this_paradox_shape_the_narrative_of_redemptive_death, cq_to_what_extent_does_the_phrase_about_having_done_no_evil_function_as_a_polemic_against_competing_accounts_of_the_servants_identity_or_mission

atom_mos_14_009

Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief; when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand.

يقدّم النص الألم بوصفه جزءًا من قصد إلهي، ثم يربط التضحية بالنفس بثمر مستقبلي ونجاح لمشيئة الرب.

• الثيمات: divine_will, atonement, future_blessing
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_can_divine_pleasure_in_bruising_the_servant_be_reconciled_with_claims_about_god_s_goodness_and_what_does_this_imply_about_the_book_s_theodicy, cq_does_the_language_of_an_offering_for_sin_presuppose_temple_sacrificial_categories_from_ancient_israel_or_is_it_a_later_theological_projection_onto_the_text

atom_mos_14_010

He shall see the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied; by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities.

يربط النص بين معرفة هذا العبد البار وبين تبرير كثيرين، ويجعل حمله لآثامهم أساسًا لنتيجة خلاصية.

• الثيمات: justification, servant, atonement
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_in_what_sense_does_knowledge_justify_many_is_this_moral_instruction_covenantal_faith_or_vicarious_atonement_and_how_do_these_options_change_the_doctrine, cq_how_does_the_claim_that_the_servant_bears_iniquities_interact_with_ideas_of_personal_responsibility_and_what_ethical_problems_arise_from_transferred_guilt

atom_mos_15_001

I would that ye should understand that God himself shall come down among the children of men, and shall redeem his people.

And because he dwelleth in flesh he shall be called the Son of God… And they are one God, yea, the very Eternal Father of heaven and of earth.

يعلن أبينادي أن الله نفسه سينزل بين البشر ليخلّص شعبه، ويشرح أن تجسده يجعله يُدعى ابن الله، مع تأكيد وحدة الألوهية بين الآب والابن.

• الثيمات: incarnation, redemption, divine unity
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_claim_that_god_himself_will_come_down_among_mortals_resolve_or_complicate_the_book_of_mormon_s_monotheism_and_christology, cq_to_what_extent_does_the_identification_of_the_incarnate_one_as_both_son_of_god_and_very_eternal_father_rely_on_non_nicene_concepts_of_divine_unity

atom_mos_15_003

God breaketh the bands of death, having gained the victory over death; giving the Son power to make intercession for the children of men… standing betwixt them and justice

يقدّم النص موت المسيح وقيامته كغلبة على الموت نفسه، ويصوّر الابن وسيطًا يشفع للبشر ويقف بينهم وبين العدالة.

• الثيمات: death, intercession, justice, atonement
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_what_is_the_theological_difference_between_god_breaking_the_bands_of_death_and_the_son_standing_betwixt_humans_and_justice_and_how_do_these_images_structure_atonement, cq_does_the_text_present_intercession_as_mercy_tempering_justice_or_as_a_legal_mechanism_that_preserves_justice_while_enabling_salvation

atom_mos_15_004

who shall declare his generation?… whosoever has heard the words of the prophets… and believed that the Lord would redeem his people… these are his seed, or they are heirs of the kingdom of God.

يعيد النص تعريف نسل المسيح لا بالنسب الجسدي بل بمن يسمعون الأنبياء ويؤمنون بالفداء، فهؤلاء يُعدّون ورثة للملكوت.

• الثيمات: seed, prophets, inheritance, faith
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_redefining_christ_s_seed_as_believers_rather_than_biological_descendants_reconfigure_covenant_identity_and_exclusion_within_the_narrative, cq_what_intertextual_work_is_being_done_by_the_question_who_shall_declare_his_generation_and_how_does_the_answer_repurpose_isaiah_for_a_new_community

atom_mos_15_006

were it not for the redemption which he hath made for his people… all mankind must have perished.

But behold, the bands of death shall be broken… he bringeth to pass the resurrection of the dead.

And there cometh a resurrection, even a first resurrection

يؤكد النص أن الفداء هو ما يمنع هلاك البشر، وأن المسيح يفتح طريق القيامة، مع التمييز بين قيامة أولى وقيامة عامة لاحقة.

• الثيمات: redemption, resurrection, death
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_texts_claim_mankind_perished_9b9157, cq_mos_15_006_what_intertextual_sources_might_underlie_the_distinction_between_a_first_resurrection_and_a_later_resurrection

atom_mos_15_007

the resurrection of all the prophets, and all those that have believed in their words, or all those that have kept the commandments of God, shall come forth in the first resurrection… they have eternal life through Christ

يحدّد النص من ينال القيامة الأولى: الأنبياء، والمؤمنون بكلامهم، وحافظو وصايا الله، ثم يربط ذلك بالحياة الأبدية عبر المسيح.

• الثيمات: obedience, resurrection, eternal life
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_15_007_on_what_basis_does_the_text_define_who_participates_in_the_first_resurrection_and_how_does_that_definition_function_as_boundary_marking, cq_mos_15_007_how_does_linking_eternal_life_to_belief_in_prophets_and_commandment_keeping_reframe_salvation_as_both_doctrinal_and_covenantal

atom_mos_16_002

And then shall the wicked be cast out, and they shall have cause to howl, and weep, and wail, and gnash their teeth; and this because they would not hearken unto the voice of the Lord; therefore the Lord redeemeth them not.

يربط النص بين رفض سماع صوت الرب وبين طرد الأشرار وحرمانهم من الفداء، مع تصوير عقابهم بصور بكائية وعنيفة.

• الثيمات: wickedness, judgment, redemption
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_16_002_how_does_the_texts_portrayal_of_the_wicked_as_choosing_not_to_hearken_shift_responsibility_for_damnation_onto_human_refusal, cq_mos_16_002_what_is_the_effect_of_the_vivid_lamentation_imagery_on_the_passages_moral_warning_and_doctrinal_exclusivity

atom_mos_16_003

For they are carnal and devilish, and the devil has power over them; yea, even that old serpent that did beguile our first parents, which was the cause of their fall;

يصف النص حالة البشر الساقطة بأنها خاضعة للجسد والشيطان، ويربط ذلك بإغواء الحية القديمة لأول البشر وسقوطهم.

• الثيمات: fall, devil, human nature
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_16_003_how_does_describing_humanity_as_carnal_and_devilish_shape_the_texts_anthropology_and_its_need_for_redemptive_intervention, cq_mos_16_003_what_does_the_reference_to_the_old_serpent_suggest_about_the_texts_dependence_on_genesis_and_later_jewish_or_christian_traditions

atom_mos_16_004

Thus all mankind were lost; and behold, they would have been endlessly lost were it not that God redeemed his people from their lost and fallen state.

يقرر النص أن البشرية كلها كانت ضائعة بالكامل، وأن خلاصها لم يكن ممكنًا لولا أن الله افتداها من حالتها الساقطة.

• الثيمات: redemption, fall, humanity
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_16_004_how_does_the_claim_that_all_mankind_were_lost_before_redemption_function_as_a_totalizing_origin_story_for_salvation_history, cq_mos_16_004_what_ethical_or_theological_tensions_arise_from_presenting_humanity_as_entirely_lost_and_dependent_on_divine_redeeming_action

atom_mos_16_007

And if Christ had not risen from the dead, or have broken the bands of death that the grave should have no victory, and that death should have no sting, there could have been no resurrection. But there is a resurrection, therefore the grave hath no victory, and the sting of death is swallowed up in Christ.

يؤكد النص أن قيامة المسيح هي ما ألغى انتصار القبر وسمّ الموت، وبذلك جعل القيامة ممكنة وواقعة.

• الثيمات: resurrection, death, victory
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_texts_argument_that_christ_s_resurrection_makes_all_resurrection_possible_depend_on_or_rework_new_testament_language_about_death_and_victory, cq_what_assumptions_about_physical_resurrection_and_cosmic_defeat_of_death_are_being_asserted_here_and_how_do_they_function_apologetically

atom_mos_16_008

He is the light and the life of the world; yea, a light that is endless, that can never be darkened; yea, and also a life which is endless, that there can be no more death.

يقدّم النص المسيح بوصفه نور العالم وحياته الدائمة، ويجعل صفتي النور والحياة مرتبطتين بزوال الظلمة والموت.

• الثيمات: light, life, Christ
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_in_what_way_does_describing_christ_as_endless_light_and_life_draw_on_or_transform_johannine_and_other_biblical_motifs, cq_how_does_this_language_of_unending_light_and_life_contribute_to_a_theology_of_christ_that_is_both_metaphysical_and_narratively_persuasive

atom_mos_16_009

Even this mortal shall put on immortality, and this corruption shall put on incorruption, and shall be brought to stand before the bar of God, to be judged of him according to their works whether they be good or whether they be evil— If they be good, to the resurrection of endless life and happiness; and if they be evil, to the resurrection of endless damnation, being delivered up to the devil

يصور النص تحول الجسد الفاني إلى عدم الفساد، ثم وقوف البشر أمام حكم الله بحسب أعمالهم، مع نتيجتين متقابلتين: حياة لا تنتهي أو هلاك أبدي.

• الثيمات: judgment, resurrection, works
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_passage_link_bodily_transformation_to_moral_judgment_and_what_does_that_reveal_about_the_texts_understanding_of_salvation_by_works, cq_what_are_the_ethical_and_theological_implications_of_dividing_human_destiny_into_endless_life_or_endless_happiness_based_on_deeds

atom_mos_16_013

Teach them that redemption cometh through Christ the Lord, who is the very Eternal Father. Amen.

يختتم النص بتقرير أن الفداء يأتي عبر المسيح الرب، مع إسناد صفة الأب الأزلي إليه.

• الثيمات: redemption, Christ, eternal father
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_identifying_christ_very_eternal_a76fbf, cq_closing_assertion_function_more_1271f3

atom_mos_17_007

thou hast said that God himself should come down among the children of men; and now, for this cause thou shalt be put to death

تُصاغ التهمة حول قول أبي ناداي إن الله نفسه سينزل بين البشر، ويُجعل هذا القول سببًا مباشرًا للحكم عليه بالموت.

• الثيمات: incarnation, judgment, blasphemy
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_historical_literary_assumptions_underlie_a65eae, cq_narrative_framing_abinadi_statement_c27137

atom_mos_17_012

Thus God executeth vengeance upon those that destroy his people. O God, receive my soul. … having sealed the truth of his words by his death.

يختتم أبي ناداي موته باعتباره شهادة نهائية: الله ينتقم من مدمري شعبه، وموته نفسه يختم صدق كلماته.

• الثيمات: vengeance, martyrdom, truth
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_abinadi_death_seal_truth_ec0919, cq_ethical_tensions_arise_portraying_305a95

atom_mos_18_002

concerning that which was to come, and also concerning the resurrection of the dead, and the redemption of the people, which was to be brought to pass through the power, and sufferings, and death of Christ, and his resurrection and ascension into heaven.

تعليم ألما يربط الخلاص القادم بقيامة الأموات وفداء الشعب عبر آلام المسيح وموته وقيامته وصعوده.

• الثيمات: resurrection, redemption, christology
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_alma_linkage_resurrection_redemption_69cdb3, cq_compressed_soteriological_formula_suggest_c4e7a0

atom_mos_21_002

after many days the Lamanites began again to be stirred up in anger against the Nephites, and they began to come into the borders of the land round about. … Yea, all this was done that the word of the Lord might be fulfilled.

يتجدد غضب اللامانيين على النيفيين ويقتربون من حدود الأرض، ويُفسَّر هذا الضغط كله بوصفه تحقيقًا لكلمة الرب.

• الثيمات: fulfillment, oppression, divine purpose
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_21_002_divine_purpose_oppression, cq_mos_21_002_historical_claims_lamanite_aggression

atom_mos_21_006

they did humble themselves even to the dust … and did cry mightily to God … the Lord was slow to hear their cry because of their iniquities; nevertheless the Lord did hear their cries, and began to soften the hearts of the Lamanites

يُظهر النص انتقال الشعب إلى التذلل والصلاة المستمرة، ثم يربط استجابة الرب المتأخرة بخطاياهم، مع بدء تليين قلوب اللامانيين.

• الثيمات: humility, prayer, divine mercy
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_21_006_divine_mercy_delay, cq_mos_21_006_theology_iniquity_softened_hearts

atom_mos_21_011

they also did mourn for the death of Abinadi; and also for the departure of Alma and the people that went with him, who had formed a church of God … they themselves had entered into a covenant with God to serve him and keep his commandments.

يحزن أمون وإخوته على موت أبي ناداي وعلى رحيل أَلما وجماعته، ويبرز النص أن هؤلاء المنفصلين أسسوا كنيسة، بينما دخلوا هم أيضًا في عهد مع الله.

• الثيمات: church, covenant, mourning
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_21_011_church_identity_covenant, cq_mos_21_011_mourning_memory_authority

atom_mos_21_013

all the study of Ammon and his people, and king Limhi and his people, was to deliver themselves out of the hands of the Lamanites and from bondage.

يختزل النص اهتمام الجماعتين في هدف واحد: الخلاص من قبضة اللامانيين ومن حالة العبودية.

• الثيمات: deliverance, bondage, shared purpose
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_mos_21_013_salvation_bondage_collective_goal, cq_mos_21_013_narrative_reduction_shared_purpose

atom_mos_23_008

Nevertheless the Lord seeth fit to chasten his people; yea, he trieth their patience and their faith.

Nevertheless—whosoever putteth his trust in him the same shall be lifted up at the last day. Yea, and thus it was with this people.

For behold, I will show unto you that they were brought into bondage, and none could deliver them but the Lord their God, yea, even the God of Abraham and Isaac and…

يفسر النص الشدائد بوصفها امتحانًا إلهيًا للإيمان والصبر، ثم يربط النجاة النهائية بالثقة بالله وحده، ويستدعي إله الآباء ليظهر أنه وحده القادر على التحرير.

• الثيمات: trial, faith, deliverance
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_portrayal_suffering_divine_chastening_16fc06, cq_intertextual_biblical_patterns_invoked_885196

atom_mos_24_004

And they were a people friendly one with another; nevertheless they knew not God; neither did the brethren of Amulon teach them anything concerning the Lord their God, neither the law of Moses; nor did they teach them the words of Abinadi;

يصف النص القوم بأنهم متآلفون اجتماعيًا، لكنه يبرز نقصهم الديني: لا معرفة بالله، ولا تعليم عن الرب أو شريعة موسى أو كلمات أبينادي.

• الثيمات: ignorance, law, religious_failure
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_narrative_significance_presenting_people_650e93, cq_omission_moses_words_abinadi_39ad03

atom_mos_24_009

And Alma and his people did not raise their voices to the Lord their God, but did pour out their hearts to him; and he did know the thoughts of their hearts. And it came to pass that the voice of the Lord came to them in their afflictions…

يُظهر النص أن الدعاء هنا داخلي وصامت، ومع ذلك يُستجاب له لأن الله يعرف ما في القلوب، ثم يأتي صوته إليهم وسط الضيق.

• الثيمات: prayer, divine_knowledge, revelation
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_depiction_silent_inward_prayer_221819, cq_claim_knows_thoughts_heart_220d1f

atom_mos_25_011

they were all one church, yea, even the church of God; for there was nothing preached in all the churches except it were repentance and faith in God… the Lord did pour out his Spirit upon them, and they were blessed, and prospered in the land.

على الرغم من تعدد التجمعات، يصر النص على وحدتها ككنيسة واحدة لله، ويختم بمشهد حلول الروح والبركة والازدهار.

• الثيمات: unity, spirit, prosperity
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_5_1_how_does_the_claim_of_one_church_despite_multiple_local_assemblies_construct_unity_and_enforce_doctrinal_boundaries, cq_5_2_is_the_link_between_uniform_teaching_spiritual_outpouring_and_temporal_prosperity_descriptive_historical_claim_or_normative_theological_program

atom_mos_26_005

he went and inquired of the Lord what he should do concerning this matter… the voice of the Lord came to him, saying: Blessed art thou, Alma

ألما يلجأ إلى الرب طلبًا للتوجيه خوفًا من الخطأ، فيأتيه صوت الرب معلنًا بركته وبركة من تعمدوا في مياه مورمون.

• الثيمات: revelation, blessing, baptism
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_6_1_how_does_direct_revelation_function_to_validate_almass_decision_making_and_baptismal_practice, cq_6_2_what_does_the_blessing_of_those_who_are_baptized_in_mormon_say_about_the_texts_construction_of_covenant_authority

atom_mos_26_006

thou hast established a church among this people; and they shall be established, and they shall be my people. Yea, blessed is this people who are willing to bear my name

يقرّ النص بأن ألما أسس كنيسة بين هذا الشعب، ويعلن أن هؤلاء سيصيرون شعب الرب لأنهم مستعدون لحمل اسمه.

• الثيمات: church, people of God, name
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_7_1_what_is_at_stake_in_the_claim_that_these_people_will_be_my_people_and_how_does_name_language_create_covenantal_identity, cq_7_2_how_does_the_texts_assertion_that_alma_established_a_church_interact_with_its_larger_historical_claims_about_early_nephite_religion

atom_mos_27_007

the angel of the Lord appeared unto them; and he descended as it were in a cloud; and he spake as it were with a voice of thunder, which caused the earth to shake upon which they stood; … Alma, arise and stand forth, for why persecutest thou the church of God? For the Lord hath said: This is my church, and I will establish it; and nothing shall overthrow it

يتدخل الملاك بعلامات مهيبة تهز الأرض، ثم يواجه ألما مباشرة ويعلن أن الكنيسة ملك للرب وأن تأسيسها محفوظ من السقوط إلا بخطيئة الشعب.

• الثيمات: divine intervention, church authority, judgment
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_how_does_the_angelic_theophany_legitimate_the_church_s_authority_and_define_opposition_as_persecution_of_god_himself, cq_what_narrative_strategy_is_at_work_in_depicting_divine_intervention_with_thunder_shaking_earth_and_immediate_rebuke

atom_mos_27_011

I have repented of my sins, and have been redeemed of the Lord; behold I am born of the Spirit. … all mankind … must be born again; yea, born of God, changed from their carnal and fallen state, to a state of righteousness … My soul hath been redeemed from the gall of bitterness and bonds of iniquity.

يقدّم ألما تفسيرًا لتحوّله: توبة، فداء، ولادة روحية جديدة، مع تعميم التجربة على البشرية كلها بوصفها انتقالًا من السقوط إلى البر.

• الثيمات: new birth, redemption, conversion
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_alma_language_born_spirit_90455a, cq_extent_passage_claim_mankind_01435a

atom_mos_28_003

they were desirous that salvation should be declared to every creature, for they could not bear that any human soul should perish

تظهر هنا نزعة تبشيرية شاملة: الخلاص ينبغي أن يُعلن لكل أحد، لأنهم لا يحتملون فكرة هلاك أي نفس بشرية.

• الثيمات: salvation, universalism, compassion
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_theological_assumptions_underlie_claim_36141b, cq_statement_bear_human_soul_ea534a

atom_mos_28_004

And thus did the Spirit of the Lord work upon them, for they were the very vilest of sinners. And the Lord saw fit in his infinite mercy to spare them

النص يربط تحركهم الداخلي بعمل روح الرب، ويؤكد أنهم كانوا خطاة شديدي السوء لكنهم نالوا رحمة الإبقاء عليهم.

• الثيمات: repentance, mercy, spirit
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_description_sons_mosiah_very_704748, cq_ways_attributing_change_spirit_f54046

atom_mos_29_006

he did deliver them because they did humble themselves before him; and because they cried mightily unto him he did deliver them out of bondage; and thus doth the Lord work with his power in all cases among the children of men

التحرر من العبودية يُعرض هنا كاستجابة إلهية للتواضع والصراخ إلى الرب، مع تعميم هذه الطريقة على تعامل الله مع البشر.

• الثيمات: deliverance, humility, mercy
• أسئلة نقدية: cq_universal_claim_deliverance_bondage_a45494, cq_text_assertion_works_cases_599b9e