موصايا — سرد

موصايا — أحداث سردية

106 حدث سردي.

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And now there was no more contention in all the land of Zarahemla, among all the people who belonged to king Benjamin, so that king Benjamin had continual peace all the remainder of his days.

يصف النص انتهاء النزاع في أرض زاراهملا وبدء فترة سلام مستمر في أواخر حياة الملك بنيامين، مما يهيئ المشهد لما سيأتي بعد ذلك.

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And it came to pass that after king Benjamin had made an end of teaching his sons, that he waxed old, and he saw that he must very soon go the way of all the earth; therefore, he thought it expedient that he should confer the kingdom upon one of his sons. Therefore, he had Mosiah brought before him; and these are the words which he spake unto him, saying: My son, I would that ye should make a proc…

مع تقدّم بنيامين في السن، يهيئ نقل الملك إلى موسيا ويأمر بإعلان يجمع الشعب تمهيدًا لإعلانه ملكًا وحاكمًا من قِبل الله.

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And it came to pass that after king Benjamin had made an end of these sayings to his son, that he gave him charge concerning all the affairs of the kingdom. And moreover, he also gave him charge concerning the records which were engraven on the plates of brass; and also the plates of Nephi; and also, the sword of Laban, and the ball or director, which led our fathers through the wilderness, which …

يسلّم بنيامين إلى موسيا مسؤولية المملكة وما يرتبط بها من سجلات وأدوات مقدسة، بما فيها السيف والكرة/المرشد الذي قاد الآباء في البرية.

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And now, it came to pass that Mosiah went and did as his father had commanded him, and proclaimed unto all the people who were in the land of Zarahemla that thereby they might gather themselves together, to go up to the temple to hear the words which his father should speak unto them.

ينفذ موسيا أمر أبيه ويعلن للشعب أن يجتمعوا في زاراهملا للصعود إلى الهيكل وسماع خطاب بنيامين.

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after Mosiah had done as his father had commanded him, and had made a proclamation throughout all the land, that the people gathered themselves together throughout all the land, that they might go up to the temple to hear the words which king Benjamin should speak unto them.

يُظهر النص أن موسيا ينفذ وصية أبيه ويعلن في البلاد، فتتحرك الجماعة كلها نحو الهيكل لسماع خطاب الملك بنيامين.

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Awake; and I awoke, and behold he stood before me.

And he said unto me: Awake, and hear the words which I shall tell thee; for behold, I am come to declare unto you the glad tidings of great joy.

For the Lord hath heard thy prayers, and hath judged of thy righteousness

يصف النص استيقاظ الراوي أمام الملاك، ثم يربط مجيء الرسالة بسماع الله للصلوات وبالحكم على الاستقامة، ما يمنح الرؤيا طابعًا شخصيًا ومُصدَّقًا.

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when king Benjamin had made an end of speaking the words which had been delivered unto him by the angel of the Lord, that he cast his eyes round about on the multitude, and behold they had fallen to the earth, for the fear of the Lord had come upon them.

بعد انتهاء بنجامين من إعلان الكلمات التي تلقاها عبر الملاك، ينظر إلى الجمع فيجدهم ساقطين على الأرض تحت رهبة إلهية.

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when king Benjamin had thus spoken to his people, he sent among them, desiring to know of his people if they believed the words which he had spoken unto them.

بعد خطابه، يختبر الملك بنيامين استجابة الشعب بسؤال مباشر عمّا إذا كانوا يصدقون كلامه، فيحوّل الوعظ إلى لحظة فرز جماعي.

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And again, it came to pass that when king Benjamin had made an end of all these things, and had consecrated his son Mosiah to be a ruler and a king over his people, and had given him all the charges concerning the kingdom…

ينقل بنيامين السلطة إلى ابنه موسيا عبر تكريسه حاكمًا وملكًا، مع تسليمه مسؤوليات المملكة، في مشهد يثبت انتقال الشرعية السياسية داخل الأسرة.

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he dismissed the multitude, and they returned, every one, according to their families, to their own houses.

بعد اكتمال الترتيبات، ينصرف الجمع إلى بيوتهم وعائلاتهم، ما يختتم التجمع العام ويعيد الناس إلى وحداتهم الأسرية.

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And Mosiah began to reign in his father’s stead.

يبدأ موسيا الحكم بدلًا من أبيه، في إعلان مباشر عن انتقال العرش.

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And king Benjamin lived three years and he died.

يختتم النص حياة بنيامين بذكر مدة بقائه بعد التسليم ثم موته، في إشارة موجزة إلى نهاية جيل قيادي.

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And there was no contention among all his people for the space of three years.

ينتهي المقطع بتأكيد غياب النزاع مدة ثلاث سنوات، ما يرسم صورة سلام اجتماعي في عهد موسيا.

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after king Mosiah had had continual peace for the space of three years, he was desirous to know concerning the people who went up to dwell in the land of Lehi-Nephi… therefore, they wearied him with their teasings. And it came to pass that king Mosiah granted that sixteen of their strong men might go up

بعد ثلاث سنوات من السلام، ينشأ لدى الملك موسيا دافع لمعرفة مصير جماعة ذهبت إلى أرض ليحي-نيفي، ويستجيب لضغط شعبه فيأذن بإرسال ستة عشر رجلًا للتحقق من أخبارهم.

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they came to a hill, which is north of the land of Shilom, and there they pitched their tents. And Ammon took three of his brethren… and they went down into the land of Nephi. And behold, they met the king… and were taken, and were bound, and were committed to prison.

تصل المجموعة إلى تل شمال شيلوم، ثم ينزل أمون وثلاثة من إخوته إلى أرض نيفي، حيث يلتقون بالملك ويُقبض عليهم ويُسجنون.

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we are in bondage to the Lamanites, and are taxed with a tax which is grievous to be borne… king Limhi commanded his guards that they should no more bind Ammon nor his brethren

يفرح لِمحي بخبر الإخوة في زاراهملا، لكنه يصف وضع شعبه كعبودية تحت اللّامانيين مع ضرائب ثقيلة، ثم يأمر بإطلاق أمون ورفاقه وإكرامهم.

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he caused that Ammon should stand up before the multitude, and rehearse unto them all that had happened unto their brethren

يأمر الملك عمون أن يقف أمام الجمع ويعيد سرد ما جرى للإخوة، فيتحول إلى ناقل رسمي للأخبار بين جماعتين.

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king Limhi dismissed the multitude, and caused that they should return every one unto his own house

بعد انتهاء العرض، يصرف الملك الجمع إلى بيوتهم، فتغلق المشهدية العامة ويعود الناس إلى حياتهم الخاصة.

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Being grieved for the afflictions of my people, I caused that forty and three of my people should take a journey into the wilderness

يشرح الملك أن دافعه كان الحزن على معاناة شعبه، لذلك أرسل ثلاثة وأربعين رجلًا في رحلة برية بحثًا عن النجاة.

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they were lost in the wilderness for the space of many days, yet they were diligent, and found not the land of Zarahemla

تصف الآية فشل البعثة في العثور على زاراhemla رغم طول الترحال والاجتهاد، ما يبرز الضياع بدل الاكتشاف.

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having discovered a land which was covered with bones of men, and of beasts, and was also covered with ruins of buildings of every kind … they have brought twenty-four plates … breastplates … swords

يربط النص بين أرض مدمرة مليئة بالعظام والأنقاض وبين العثور على آثار مادية ثمينة، فيجعل الخراب نفسه دليلًا على تاريخ سابق.

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Therefore, I contended with my brethren in the wilderness for I would that our ruler should make a treaty with them; but he being an austere and a bloodthirsty man commanded that I should be slain; but I was rescued by the shedding of much blood; for father fought against father, and brother against brother, until the greater number of our army was destroyed in the wilderness; and we returned, tho…

يصف زنيف صراعًا داخليًا حول عقد معاهدة مع اللمنيين، ثم يروي أن القائد حاول قتله، وأن الاقتتال بين الأقارب أفضى إلى هلاك معظم الجيش قبل عودة الناجين إلى زاراهملا.

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And it came to pass that I went again with four of my men into the city, in unto the king, that I might know of the disposition of the king, and that I might know if I might go in with my people and possess the land in peace. And I went in unto the king, and he covenanted with me that I might possess the land of Lehi-Nephi, and the land of Shilom.

يعود زنيف مع أربعة رجال إلى المدينة ليتحقق من موقف الملك وإمكان دخول شعبه بسلام، ثم يذكر أن الملك عقد معه عهدًا يتيح له امتلاك أرض لحي-نيفي وشيلوم.

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And he also commanded that his people should depart out of the land, and I and my people went into the land that we might possess it. And we began to build buildings, and to repair the walls of the city, yea, even the walls of the city of Lehi-Nephi, and the city of Shilom.

بعد انسحاب شعب الملك، يدخل زنيف وشعبه الأرض ويباشرون تثبيت وجودهم فيها عبر البناء وترميم أسوار المدينتين، بما يدل على تأسيس مستقر سياسي وعمراني.

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And we began to till the ground, yea, even with all manner of seeds, with seeds of corn, and of wheat, and of barley, and with neas, and with sheum, and with seeds of all manner of fruits; and we did begin to multiply and prosper in the land.

يصف النص ازدهار الجماعة عبر الزراعة المتنوعة وتكاثر السكان، فيظهر الاستقرار الاقتصادي بوصفه علامة نجاح في الأرض.

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Now it was the cunning and the craftiness of king Laman, to bring my people into bondage, that he yielded up the land that we might possess it. Therefore it came to pass, that after we had dwelt in the land for the space of twelve years that king Laman began to grow uneasy, lest by any means my people should wax strong in the land, and that they could not overpower them and bring them into bondage…

يكشف النص أن تنازل الملك لم يكن بريئًا بل كان حيلة لإدخال شعب زنيف في العبودية، ثم يوضح أن خوفه من قوة الجماعة بعد اثني عشر عامًا دفعه إلى السعي لاستغلال عملهم وثرواتهم.

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Therefore it came to pass that king Laman began to stir up his people that they should contend with my people; therefore there began to be wars and contentions in the land. For, in the thirteenth year of my reign in the land of Nephi, away on the south of the land of Shilom, when my people were watering and feeding their flocks, and tilling their lands, a numerous host of Lamanites came upon them …

يؤدي تحريض الملك إلى حرب مفتوحة، ثم يصف النص هجومًا مفاجئًا على المزارعين والرعاة في الجنوب، وانسحاب الناجين إلى مدينة نافي طلبًا للحماية.

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And it came to pass that we again began to establish the kingdom and we again began to possess the land in peace.

يصف النص عودة الجماعة إلى تثبيت الحكم والسيطرة الهادئة على الأرض بعد اضطراب سابق، بما يشير إلى استعادة النظام السياسي والاستقرار.

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And I set guards round about the land, that the Lamanites might not come upon us again unawares and destroy us; and thus I did guard my people and my flocks, and keep them from falling into the hands of our enemies.

ينشئ زينيف نظام حراسة حول الأرض لحماية الناس والقطعان من هجوم مباغت، فيظهر اهتمامه بالأمن الجماعي.

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And it came to pass that we did inherit the land of our fathers for many years, yea, for the space of twenty and two years.

يؤكد النص أن الجماعة عاشت في الأرض الموروثة من الآباء مدة طويلة، ثم يربط ذلك بالزراعة والعمل النسائي والنماء الاقتصادي والاستقرار.

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But I had sent my spies out round about the land of Shemlon, that I might discover their preparations, that I might guard against them, that they might not come upon my people and destroy them; … And it came to pass that they came up upon the north of the land of Shilom, with their numerous hosts…

يرسل زينيف جواسيس لمراقبة استعدادات العدو، ثم يصف النص اقتراب قوات اللامانيين من جهة الشمال بعتادها الكامل، مما يرفع التوتر العسكري.

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And again, that they were wronged … because that Nephi was more faithful in keeping the commandments of the Lord … And his brethren were wroth with him … because he departed into the wilderness as the Lord had commanded him, and took the records which were engraven on the plates of brass…

يقدم النص تفسيرًا لعداء اللامانيين والخصومة بين الإخوة: نافي نال تفضيلًا إلهيًا بسبب أمانته، بينما رأى إخوته في رحيله وأخذه السجلات ظلمًا وسرقة.

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For this very cause has king Laman, by his cunning, and lying craftiness, and his fair promises, deceived me … And now I, Zeniff … did stimulate them to go to battle with their might, putting their trust in the Lord; therefore, we did contend with them, face to face.

يعترف زينيف بأنه خُدع بوعود لامان، ثم يحشد شعبه للقتال معتمدًا على الرب، لتقع مواجهة مباشرة تنتهي بطرد العدو.

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And it came to pass that we returned again to our own land, and my people again began to tend their flocks, and to till their ground. And now I, being old, did confer the kingdom upon one of my sons;

بعد الانتصار يعود الشعب إلى أرضه وأعماله الزراعية والرعوية، ثم ينقل زينيف الملك إلى أحد أبنائه بوصفه خاتمة حكمه.

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And now it came to pass that Zeniff conferred the kingdom upon Noah, one of his sons; therefore Noah began to reign in his stead; and he did not walk in the ways of his father.

ينتقل الحكم من زنيف إلى ابنه نوح، لكن السرد يضع منذ البداية مسافة أخلاقية بين الابن والأب، إذ لا يسير نوح على نهج أبيه.

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And he laid a tax of one fifth part of all they possessed… And all this did he take to support himself, and his wives and his concubines; and also his priests, and their wives and their concubines; thus he had changed the affairs of the kingdom.

يفرض نوح ضريبة ثقيلة على الشعب لتمويل بلاطه الدنيوي، وبذلك يعيد تشكيل اقتصاد المملكة لصالحه وصالح محيطه.

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For he put down all the priests that had been consecrated by his father, and consecrated new ones in their stead… thus did the people labor exceedingly to support iniquity.

يعزل نوح كهنة أبيه ويستبدلهم بآخرين يوافقون كبرياءه، فتتحول المؤسسة الدينية إلى أداة لإسناد الشر بدل مقاومته.

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And it came to pass that king Noah built many elegant and spacious buildings… And he also caused that his workmen should work all manner of fine work within the walls of the temple…

ينشغل نوح بمشاريع بناء فخمة تشمل القصور والمباني والهيكل، فيظهر اهتمامه بالمظهر والهيبة العمرانية أكثر من الاستقامة.

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And it came to pass that the Lamanites began to come in upon his people… And king Noah sent his armies against them… therefore, they returned rejoicing in their spoil.

تبدأ هجمات اللامانيين على شعب نوح، وتفشل الاستجابة العسكرية في إنهاء الخطر، بل تعود القوات بالغنائم فتزيد روح التفاخر والعنف.

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Now it came to pass that when Abinadi had spoken these words unto them they were wroth with him, and sought to take away his life; but the Lord delivered him out of their hands… And king Noah hardened his heart against the word of the Lord, and he did not repent of his evil doings.

يردّ الشعب والملك على النبوة بالغضب ومحاولة القتل، لكن النجاة الإلهية لأبينادي تقابل تصلب نوح واستمرار شره.

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And it came to pass that after the space of two years that Abinadi came among them in disguise, that they knew him not, and began to prophesy among them

يعود أبينادي إلى القوم متخفيًا، فلا يتعرفون عليه، ويبدأ بإلقاء النبوة بينهم؛ وهذا يهيئ المواجهة القادمة ويجعل ظهوره نفسه جزءًا من الحدث.

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they took him and carried him bound before the king … he also prophesieth evil concerning thy life

ردّ فعل الجماعة هو القبض على أبينادي وتسليمه مقيّدًا إلى الملك، مع تحويل النبوة إلى تهمة سياسية ضدّه.

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king Noah caused that Abinadi should be cast into prison; and he commanded that the priests should gather themselves together … they began to question him, that they might cross him

الملك يحوّل القضية إلى محاكمة دينية/سياسية: سجن، ثم مجلس مع الكهنة، ثم أسئلة هدفها الإيقاع بأبينادي لا فهمه.

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Away with this fellow, and slay him; for what have we to do with him, for he is mad.

And they stood forth and attempted to lay their hands on him; but he withstood them

الملك يأمر بقتل أبي ناداي، والناس يحاولون القبض عليه، لكن النص يبرز فشلهم في السيطرة عليه في هذه اللحظة.

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the flesh becoming subject to the Spirit… suffereth temptation, and yieldeth not to the temptation, but suffereth himself to be mocked, and scourged, and cast out, and disowned by his people.

And after all this… he shall be led, crucified, and slain

يرسم النص مسار معاناة المسيح: تجربة بلا سقوط، ثم سخرية وجَلد ونبذ وصلب وقتل، مع إبراز خضوع الجسد للمشيئة الإلهية.

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when Abinadi had finished these sayings, that the king commanded that the priests should take him and cause that he should be put to death.

بعد انتهاء أبي ناداي من كلامه، يصدر الملك أمرًا مباشرًا باعتقاله وإعدامه، فيتحول الجدل إلى قرار عقابي.

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the king was more wroth, and caused that Alma should be cast out from among them, and sent his servants after him that they might slay him. But he fled from before them and hid himself

رفض الملك شفاعة ألما، فزاد غضبه وطرد ألما وأرسل أتباعه لقتله، لكن ألما يهرب ويختبئ.

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the king caused that his guards should surround Abinadi and take him; and they bound him and cast him into prison. And after three days, having counseled with his priests, he caused that he should again be brought before him.

يُحاصر أبي ناداي ويُقيَّد ويُلقى في السجن، ثم يُستدعى بعد ثلاثة أيام عقب مشاورة الملك لكهنته.

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king Noah was about to release him, for he feared his word; for he feared that the judgments of God would come upon him. But the priests lifted up their voices against him

الملك يتردد في إطلاق سراح أبي ناداي خوفًا من كلمته ومن أحكام الله، لكن الكهنة يضغطون عليه ويقلبون موقفه.

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they took him and bound him, and scourged his skin with faggots, yea, even unto death. And now when the flames began to scorch him, he cried unto them

يتصاعد العنف إلى التعذيب بالنار حتى الموت، ثم يبدأ أبي ناداي بالكلام وهو تحت ألسنة اللهب.

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Alma, who had fled from the servants of king Noah, repented of his sins and iniquities, and went about privately among the people, and began to teach the words of Abinadi… And many did believe his words.

يظهر ألما بعد هروبه تائبًا، ثم يبدأ تعليم كلمات أبي ناداي سرًا بين الناس، فيتحول من هارب إلى معلّم يجذب مؤمنين.

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they were in number about two hundred and four souls… And they were called the church of God, or the church of Christ, from that time forward.

يتحوّل الجمع المعمَّد إلى جماعة محددة الاسم والهوية: كنيسة الله أو كنيسة المسيح، بعد أن بلغ عددهم نحو مئتين وأربع نفسًا.

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the king… sent his servants to watch them… he sent his army to destroy them… they took their tents and their families and departed into the wilderness.

ينكشف التجمع للملك، فيفسره تمردًا ويرسل الجيش لتدميره، فتغادر الجماعة مع عائلاتها إلى البرية.

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And it came to pass that the army of the king returned, having searched in vain for the people of the Lord.

تعود قوات الملك بعد بحثٍ بلا نتيجة عن شعب الرب، ما يبيّن فشل الحملة العسكرية في العثور عليهم.

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the forces of the king were small, having been reduced, and there began to be a division among the remainder of the people. And the lesser part began to breathe out threatenings against the king, and there began to be a great contention among them.

تظهر الجماعة الملكية ضعيفة ومنقسمة، ثم يتحول الانقسام إلى تهديدات وصراع داخلي واضح.

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the king fled and ran and got upon the tower which was near the temple. … behold, the army of the Lamanites were within the borders of the land. … Gideon, spare me, for the Lamanites are upon us, and they will destroy us

يهرب الملك إلى برج قرب المعبد، ثم يكتشف اقتراب جيش لاماني، فيستعطف جِدعون طالبًا النجاة من الهلاك الوشيك.

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the Lamanites did pursue them, and did overtake them, and began to slay them. … the fair daughters should stand forth and plead with the Lamanites … the Lamanites had compassion on them … took them captives and carried them back to the land of Nephi, and granted unto them that they might possess the land, under the conditions that they would deliver up king Noah … and thus they should pay …

يلحق اللامانيون بالهاربين ويبدؤون بقتلهم، ثم تتدخل البنات بالاسترحام فيتحول القتل إلى أسرٍ واتفاقٍ سياسي يقوم على تسليم الملك ودفع الجزية.

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Gideon sent men into the wilderness secretly, to search for the king and those that were with him. … they had sworn in their hearts that they would return to the land of Nephi … that they would seek revenge … And the king commanded them that they should not return; and they were angry with the king, and caused that he should suffer, even unto death by fire.

يرسل جِدعون رجالًا سرًّا للبحث عن الملك، لكن المجموعة التي عُثر عليها كانت قد أقسمت على الانتقام والعودة، ثم تنقلب على الملك وتقتله حرقًا.

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the men of Gideon told them of all that had happened to their wives and their children; and that the Lamanites had granted unto them that they might possess the land by paying a tribute … And it came to pass that after they had ended the ceremony, that they returned to the land of Nephi, rejoicing, because their wives and their children were not slain

يعود رجال جِدعون بالأخبار عن مصير النساء والأطفال وعن شروط البقاء، ثم ينتهي المشهد بعودةٍ احتفالية ممزوجة بالفرح لنجاة العائلات.

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Limhi began to establish the kingdom and to establish peace among his people. … the king of the Lamanites set guards round about the land … And now king Limhi did have continual peace in his kingdom for the space of two years

يبدأ لِمحي في ترسيخ الحكم والسلام الداخلي، بينما يفرض الملك اللاماني حراسةً على الأرض؛ والنتيجة فترة سلام نسبي دامت سنتين.

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Now there was a place in Shemlon where the daughters of the Lamanites did gather themselves together to sing, and to dance, and to make themselves merry.

And it came to pass that there was one day a small number of them gathered together to sing and to dance.

يُقدَّم مكان في شملون تجتمع فيه بنات اللامانيين للغناء والرقص والمرح، ثم يحدد النص لحظة تجمعٍ أصغر منهن، تمهيدًا لما سيقع لاحقًا.

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And now the priests of king Noah, being ashamed to return to the city of Nephi, yea, and also fearing that the people would slay them, therefore they durst not return to their wives and their children.

And having tarried in the wilderness, and having discovered the daughters of the Lamanites, they laid and watched them;

And when there were but few of them gathered together to dance, they came fo…

كهنة الملك نوح، بعد أن بقوا في البرية، يراقبون بنات اللامانيين ثم يخطفون أربعًا وعشرين منهن ويأخذونهن إلى البرية.

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And it came to pass that when the Lamanites found that their daughters had been missing, they were angry with the people of Limhi, for they thought it was the people of Limhi.

Therefore they sent their armies forth; yea, even the king himself went before his people; and they went up to the land of Nephi to destroy the people of Limhi.

اللامانيون يفسرون اختفاء بناتهم على أنه فعل من شعب لِمحي، فيردّون بإرسال الجيوش، ويقود الملك نفسه الحملة نحو أرض نافي لتدميرهم.

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And now Limhi had discovered them from the tower, even all their preparations for war did he discover; therefore he gathered his people together, and laid wait for them in the fields and in the forests.

And it came to pass that when the Lamanites had come up, that the people of Limhi began to fall upon them from their waiting places, and began to slay them.

And it came to pass that the battle be…

لِمحي يكتشف استعدادات العدو من البرج، فيجمع شعبه ويُعدّ كمينًا، ثم يشتعل القتال بعنف شديد.

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And it came to pass that the people of Limhi began to drive the Lamanites before them; yet they were not half so numerous as the Lamanites. But they fought for their lives, and for their wives, and for their children; therefore they exerted themselves and like dragons did they fight.

And it came to pass that they found the king of the Lamanites among the number of their dead; yet he was not dead,…

رغم قلة عددهم، يقاتل شعب لِمحي دفاعًا عن حياتهم وعائلاتهم، ثم يعثرون على ملك اللامانيين جريحًا بين القتلى.

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And it came to pass that they followed the king, and went forth without arms to meet the Lamanites. And it came to pass that they did meet the Lamanites; and the king of the Lamanites did bow himself down before them, and did plead in behalf of the people of Limhi.

And when the Lamanites saw the people of Limhi, that they were without arms, they had compassion on them and were pacified towards th…

شعب لِمحي يخرج بلا سلاح للقاء اللامانيين، فينحني ملك اللامانيين متوسلًا لصالحهم، ثم تنطفئ الحرب ويعود الجميع بسلام.

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And it came to pass that Limhi and his people returned to the city of Nephi, and began to dwell in the land again in peace.

يعود لِمحِي وشعبه إلى مدينة نافي ويستأنفون السكن في الأرض بسلام، مما يضع نهاية مؤقتة لمرحلة الاضطراب.

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they would smite them on their cheeks, and exercise authority over them; and began to put heavy burdens upon their backs, and drive them as they would a dumb ass

يصف النص أسلوب إذلال واستعباد جسدي يمارسه اللامانيون على شعب لِمحِي، عبر الضرب والحمل القسري والقيادة كالحيوان.

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the people began to murmur with the king because of their afflictions; and they began to be desirous to go against them to battle. … And they gathered themselves together again, and put on their armor, and went forth against the Lamanites … And it came to pass that the Lamanites did beat them, and drove them back, and slew many of them.

يتحول السخط الشعبي إلى قرار بالقتال، فيخرج الناس بعتادهم لمحاولة طرد اللامانيين، لكن الهجوم يفشل ويقع قتل كثيرين.

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there was a great mourning and lamentation among the people of Limhi, the widow mourning for her husband, the son and the daughter mourning for their father … there was a great many widows in the land

تكشف الخسائر عن أثر اجتماعي واسع: ترمل، ويتم، وبكاء جماعي، ما يدل على عمق الكارثة داخل مجتمع لِمحِي.

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the people of Limhi kept together in a body as much as it was possible, and secured their grain and their flocks; … he caused that his people should watch the land round about … they laid wait for them.

يتخذ المجتمع وضعًا دفاعيًا منظمًا: التجمع، وحماية المؤن، والمراقبة، ونصب الكمائن للقبض على الكهنة الهاربين ومعاقبتهم.

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supposing them to be priests of Noah therefore he caused that they should be taken, and bound, and cast into prison. … he was filled with exceedingly great joy.

يخطئ لِمحِي في البداية فيظن أمون وإخوته كهنة نوح، فيأمر باعتقالهم، ثم ينقلب الموقف إلى فرح شديد حين يكتشف حقيقتهم.

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And now it came to pass that Ammon and king Limhi began to consult with the people how they should deliver themselves out of bondage; and even they did cause that all the people should gather themselves together; and this they did that they might have the voice of the people concerning the matter.

يبدأ أمون والملك ليمحي مشاورة جماعية مع الشعب حول كيفية الخلاص من العبودية، ويُستدعى الجميع ليكون لهم رأي في القرار.

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And it came to pass that they could find no way to deliver themselves out of bondage, except it were to take their women and children, and their flocks, and their herds, and their tents, and depart into the wilderness; for the Lamanites being so numerous, it was impossible for the people of Limhi to contend with them, thinking to deliver themselves out of bondage by the sword.

يعرض النص خيارًا وحيدًا للخروج: الهجرة إلى البرية مع النساء والأطفال والمواشي، لأن مواجهة اللامانيين بالسيف تبدو مستحيلة.

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And the king granted unto him that he might speak. And Gideon said unto him:

يمنح الملك جدعون الإذن بالكلام، فيظهر ترتيب السلطة داخل المشهد قبل أن يقدّم خطته.

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Behold the back pass, through the back wall, on the back side of the city. The Lamanites, or the guards of the Lamanites, by night are drunken; therefore let us send a proclamation among all this people that they gather together their flocks and herds, that they may drive them into the wilderness by night.

يقدّم جدعون خطة عملية: استخدام ممر خلفي وخروج ليلي مع إعلان يجمع المواشي، مستفيدًا من سُكر الحراس.

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And I will go according to thy command and pay the last tribute of wine to the Lamanites, and they will be drunken; and we will pass through the secret pass on the left of their camp when they are drunken and asleep. Thus we will depart with our women and our children, our flocks, and our herds into the wilderness; and we will travel around the land of Shilom.

يتعهد جدعون بتنفيذ الخدعة النهائية بالخمرة، ثم يصف مسار الهروب عبر ممر سري والالتفاف حول أرض شيلوم.

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And it came to pass that the king hearkened unto the words of Gideon. And king Limhi caused that his people should gather their flocks together; and he sent the tribute of wine to the Lamanites; and he also sent more wine, as a present unto them; and they did drink freely of the wine which king Limhi did send unto them.

يستجيب ليمحي لخطة جدعون، فيأمر بجمع المواشي ويرسل الخمر إلى اللامانيين لتسهيل الهروب.

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And after being many days in the wilderness they arrived in the land of Zarahemla, and joined Mosiah’s people, and became his subjects.

بعد مسيرة طويلة في البرية يصلون إلى زاراهملا وينضمون إلى شعب موسى ويصبحون تحت سلطته.

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And now it came to pass when the Lamanites had found that the people of Limhi had departed out of the land by night, that they sent an army into the wilderness to pursue them; And after they had pursued them two days, they could no longer follow their tracks; therefore they were lost in the wilderness.

حين يكتشف اللامانيون هروب شعب ليمحي، يرسلون جيشًا للمطاردة، لكنهم يفقدون الأثر ويتيهون في البرية.

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Now Alma, having been warned of the Lord that the armies of king Noah would come upon them, and having made it known to his people, therefore they gathered together their flocks, and took of their grain, and departed into the wilderness before the armies of king Noah.

And the Lord did strengthen them, that the people of king Noah could not overtake them to destroy them.

And they fled eight days’…

يُنذر الربّ أَلما بالخطر القادم، فيبلّغ قومه، فيجمعون ممتلكاتهم ويهربون إلى البرية، ثم يُنسب نجاتهم إلى تقوية الرب لهم حتى لا يدركهم جيش الملك نوح.

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For behold, it came to pass that while they were in the land of Helam, yea, in the city of Helam, while tilling the land round about, behold an army of the Lamanites was in the borders of the land.

Now it came to pass that the brethren of Alma fled from their fields, and gathered themselves together in the city of Helam; and they were much frightened because of the appearance of the Lamanites.

B…

يظهر تهديد عسكري جديد عند حدود الأرض، فيرتعب الناس ويجتمعون في المدينة، لكن أَلما يهدئهم ويدعوهم إلى الصلاة، فتستجاب الدعوة بتليين قلوب اللّامانيين، ثم يسلم أَلما وأصحابه أنفسهم ويُستولى على الأرض.

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Now the armies of the Lamanites, which had followed after the people of king Limhi, had been lost in the wilderness for many days.

And behold, they had found those priests of king Noah, in a place which they called Amulon; and they had begun to possess the land of Amulon and had begun to till the ground.

Now the name of the leader of those priests was Amulon.

And it came to pass that Amulon did…

تتوه جيوش اللّامانيين في البرية ثم تعثر على كهنة نوح في موضع جديد، ويظهر اسم أملون قائدًا لهم، كما تكشف الرواية عن روابط عائلية تُستخدم للشفاعة وإنقاذ الرجال من الهلاك.

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And Amulon and his brethren did join the Lamanites, and they were traveling in the wilderness in search of the land of Nephi when they discovered the land of Helam, which was possessed by Alma and his brethren.

And it came to pass that the Lamanites promised unto Alma and his brethren, that if they would show them the way which led to the land of Nephi that they would grant unto them their lives …

ينضم أملون إلى اللّامانيين في رحلة بحث عن أرض نافي، ثم يلتقون بأَلما في هلم؛ وبعد وعدٍ بالحياة والحرية مقابل الإرشاد، ينقض اللّامانيون وعدهم ويقيمون حراسة على الجماعة.

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And it came to pass that Amulon did gain favor in the eyes of the king of the Lamanites; therefore, the king of the Lamanites granted unto him and his brethren that they should be appointed teachers over his people… For the Lamanites had taken possession of all these lands; therefore, the king of the Lamanites had appointed kings over all these lands.

ينال أمولون حظوة عند ملك اللامانيين، فيُمنح هو وإخوته سلطة تعليم الشعب، كما يوضح النص أن اللامانيين صاروا أصحاب الأرض وأن الملك أقام ملوكًا تابعين له على تلك المناطق.

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And he appointed teachers of the brethren of Amulon in every land which was possessed by his people; and thus the language of Nephi began to be taught among all the people of the Lamanites.

يُعيّن الملك معلمين من جماعة أمولون في كل أرض يملكها شعبه، ونتيجة ذلك يبدأ لسان نافي بالانتشار بين اللامانيين.

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And now it came to pass that Amulon began to exercise authority over Alma and his brethren, and began to persecute him… and put tasks upon them, and put task-masters over them.

يستغل أمولون موقعه ليُخضع ألما وإخوته للسلطة والقهر، فيحوّل النفوذ السياسي إلى اضطهاد عملي عبر الأعمال الشاقة والمراقبة.

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And it came to pass that so great were their afflictions that they began to cry mightily to God. And Amulon commanded them that they should stop their cries; and he put guards over them to watch them, that whosoever should be found calling upon God should be put to death.

تبلغ المعاناة حدًّا يدفعهم إلى الصراخ إلى الله، لكن أمولون يقمع هذا التوجه الديني بالعنف والرقابة والعقوبة بالموت.

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And now it came to pass that Alma and his people in the night-time gathered their flocks together, and also of their grain… And in the morning the Lord caused a deep sleep to come upon the Lamanites… And Alma and his people departed into the wilderness; and when they had traveled all day they pitched their tents in a valley, and they called the valley Alma…

ينفذ الهاربون استعدادات ليلية ثم ينجحون في الفرار بينما يُغشى اللامانيون بنوم عميق، وبعد مسير طويل يثبتون في وادٍ يُسمّى باسم ألما.

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Haste thee and get thou and this people out of this land, for the Lamanites have awakened and do pursue thee… And after they had been in the wilderness twelve days they arrived in the land of Zarahemla; and king Mosiah did also receive them with joy.

يأمر الرب بالرحيل السريع لأن المطاردين استيقظوا، ثم يكتمل الانتقال إلى زاراهملا حيث يُستقبلون بفرح من الملك موسيا.

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And now king Mosiah caused that all the people should be gathered together.

يأمر الملك موسيا بجمع الشعب كله، فيبدأ مشهدًا عامًا يوحّد الجماعة قبل عرض السجلات.

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Now there were not so many of the children of Nephi… as there were of the Lamanites; yea, they were not half so numerous.

يقارن النص بين أحجام الجماعات المختلفة، ويبرز أن نسل نافي أقل عددًا بكثير من اللامانيين، مما يحدد موقعهم الديمغرافي داخل السرد.

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his people who tarried in the land were struck with wonder and amazement… they were filled with exceedingly great joy… they were filled with sorrow… they did raise their voices and give thanks to God.

استماع الشعب إلى السجلات يثير فيهم دهشة وفرحًا وحزنًا وشكرًا، فتتحول القراءة إلى استجابة جماعية عاطفية ودينية.

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Now it came to pass that there were many of the rising generation that could not understand the words of king Benjamin… And they would not be baptized; neither would they join the church.

يصف النص جيلاً جديدًا لم يسمع خطاب الملك بنيامين مباشرة، فصار غير مقتنع بتعاليم القيامة والمسيح، ورفض المعمودية والانضمام إلى الكنيسة، مما جعله جماعة منفصلة دينيًا.

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because of the dissensions among the brethren they became more numerous. For it came to pass that they did deceive many with their flattering words

ينسب النص ازدياد عددهم إلى الانشقاقات الداخلية بين الإخوة، ثم يذكر أنهم أغروا كثيرين بكلامهم المعسول وأوقعوهم في الخطايا.

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there were many witnesses against them… Behold, I judge them not; therefore I deliver them into thy hands to be judged.

تتراكم الشهادات ضد المتهمين، لكن موسيا يرفض أن يحكم عليهم بنفسه ويحوّل سلطة الحكم إلى ألما.

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the persecutions which were inflicted on the church by the unbelievers became so great that the church began to murmur, and complain to their leaders concerning the matter; and they did complain to Alma.

تتصاعد الاضطهادات ضد الكنيسة حتى تتحول إلى شكوى جماعية تُرفع إلى القيادات، ثم إلى ألما نفسه، ما يضع أزمة الجماعة في مركز السرد.

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there began to be much peace again in the land; and the people began to be very numerous, and began to scatter abroad upon the face of the earth, yea, on the north and on the south, on the east and on the west, building large cities and villages in all quarters of the land. And the Lord did visit them and prosper them

بعد الإصلاح والهدوء يعود السلام، ويتحول الشعب إلى جماعة متكاثرة تنتشر جغرافيًا وتبني مدنًا وقرى، ويُفسَّر هذا الازدهار بأنه زيارة إلهية وبركة.

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he became a great hinderment to the prosperity of the church of God; stealing away the hearts of the people; causing much dissension among the people; giving a chance for the enemy of God to exercise his power over them.

يُصوَّر ألما الابن كعامل تخريب داخل الجماعة: يضعف ازدهار الكنيسة، ويستميل القلوب، ويثير الانقسام، ويفتح المجال لخصم الله.

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Alma began from this time forward to teach the people … publishing to all the people the things which they had heard and seen, and preaching the word of God … And four of them were the sons of Mosiah; and their names were Ammon, and Aaron, and Omner, and Himni … they did publish peace; they did publish good tidings of good; and they did declare unto the people that the Lord reigneth.

بعد التحول يبدأ ألما ورفاقه خدمة تبشيرية عامة، يجوبون البلاد ويعلنون ما رأوه وسمعوه، ويُعرَّفون بأسمائهم، ثم يُختتم المشهد بإعلان السلام وملك الرب.

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they did plead with their father many days that they might go up to the land of Nephi. And king Mosiah went and inquired of the Lord if he should let his sons go up among the Lamanites to preach the word. And the Lord said unto Mosiah: Let them go up

بعد إلحاح طويل، يستشير موسيا الرب بشأن إرسال أبنائه، فيأتي الجواب الإلهي بالإذن لهم بالذهاب إلى اللامانيين.

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king Mosiah had no one to confer the kingdom upon, for there was not any of his sons who would accept of the kingdom. Therefore he took the records which were engraven on the plates of brass, and also the plates of Nephi

رفض الأبناء المُلك يخلق فراغًا سياسيًا، فيتحول موسيا إلى تسليم السجلات والصفائح بدلًا من توريث العرش.

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he took the plates of brass, and all the things which he had kept, and conferred them upon Alma, who was the son of Alma; yea, all the records, and also the interpreters, and conferred them upon him, and commanded him that he should keep and preserve them

موسيا يسلّم الألواح والسجلات وأدوات التفسير إلى ألما، مع تكليف واضح بحفظها وصونها، ما ينقل مسؤولية الذاكرة الجماعية.

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Now when Mosiah had done this he sent out throughout all the land, among all the people, desiring to know their will concerning who should be their king… And it came to pass that the voice of the people came, saying: We are desirous that Aaron thy son should be our king and our ruler.

بعد أن أنهى موسى هذا الإجراء، استطلع رغبة الشعب فيمن يتولى الملك، فجاء الرد الشعبي مؤيدًا لآرون ابن موسى.

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I have labored… to teach you the commandments of God, and to establish peace throughout the land… remember king Noah, his wickedness and his abominations… what great destruction did come upon them

يستشهد موسى بتجربته وبمثال الملك نوح ليبرهن أن الملك الشرير يجلب الفساد والدمار، بينما يسعى هو إلى السلام والتعليم.

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they were convinced of the truth of his words. Therefore they relinquished their desires for a king… they assembled themselves together in bodies throughout the land, to cast in their voices concerning who should be their judges

يستجيب الشعب لحجة موسى، فيتخلون عن طلب الملك ويباشرون تنظيم أنفسهم سياسيًا عبر التصويت لاختيار القضاة.