نافي الأول — أحداث سردية
57 حدث سردي.
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For it came to pass in the commencement of the first year of the reign of Zedekiah, king of Judah, (my father, Lehi, having dwelt at Jerusalem in all his days); and in that same year there came many prophets, prophesying unto the people that they must repent, or the great city Jerusalem must be destroyed.
يضع السرد زمنه في عهد صدقيا ويثبت صلة لحي بأورشليم، ثم يذكر ظهور أنبياء كثيرين يطالبون الشعب بالتوبة تحت تهديد تدمير المدينة.
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And it came to pass as he prayed unto the Lord, there came a pillar of fire and dwelt upon a rock before him; and he saw and heard much; and because of the things which he saw and heard he did quake and tremble exceedingly. And it came to pass that he returned to his own house at Jerusalem; and he cast himself upon his bed, being overcome with the Spirit and the things which he had seen.
تأتي استجابة رؤيوية لصلاة لحي على هيئة عمود نار، فتقوده الخبرة إلى خوف شديد ثم إلى انكسار جسدي وروحي عند عودته إلى بيته في أورشليم.
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And they came down and went forth upon the face of the earth; and the first came and stood before my father, and gave unto him a book, and bade him that he should read. And it came to pass that as he read, he was filled with the Spirit of the Lord.
تنزل الشخصيات الرؤيوية إلى الأرض، ويُعطى لحي كتابًا ويُؤمر بقراءته، فتتحول القراءة نفسها إلى لحظة امتلاء بالروح.
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Therefore, I would that ye should know, that after the Lord had shown so many marvelous things unto my father, Lehi, yea, concerning the destruction of Jerusalem, behold he went forth among the people, and began to prophesy and to declare unto them concerning the things which he had both seen and heard. And it came to pass that the Jews did mock him because of the things which he testified of them…
بعد الرؤيا يخرج لحي إلى الناس ليعلن ما رآه وسمعه، لكن اليهود يسخرون منه لأن شهادته تدينهم وتربط رسالته بمجيء المسيح وفداء العالم.
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And when the Jews heard these things they were angry with him; yea, even as with the prophets of old, whom they had cast out, and stoned, and slain; and they also sought his life, that they might take it away. But behold, I, Nephi, will show unto you that the tender mercies of the Lord are over all those whom he hath chosen, because of their faith, to make them mighty even unto the power of delive…
يتصاعد الرفض إلى تهديد مباشر لحياة لحي، ثم ينتقل نافي إلى إعلان مبدئي بأن رحمة الرب تحيط بالمختارين وتمنحهم قوة النجاة.
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they seek to take away thy life. And it came to pass that the Lord commanded my father, even in a dream, that he should take his family and depart into the wilderness.
يتحوّل التهديد ضد لِحي إلى أمر إلهي بالهجرة، فتبدأ حركة الخروج من المدينة إلى البرية بوصفها استجابة مباشرة للوحي.
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they did murmur in many things against their father, because he was a visionary man, and had led them out of the land of Jerusalem … Neither did they believe that Jerusalem, that great city, could be destroyed according to the words of the prophets.
يظهر تمرد لامان وليمويل بوصفه رفضًا لقيادة أبيهما ولتحذيرات الأنبياء، مع إنكارهم لإمكانية سقوط أورشليم.
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And it came to pass that I, Nephi, returned from speaking with the Lord, to the tent of my father.
يعود نافي من لقائه بالرب إلى خيمة أبيه، فيربط بين الوحي الإلهي والأسرة مباشرة في مسار السرد.
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We cast lots—who of us should go in unto the house of Laban. And it came to pass that the lot fell upon Laman; and Laman went in unto the house of Laban… Laban was angry, and thrust him out from his presence; and he would not that he should have the records.
يُحسم الاختيار بالقرعة، فيدخل لامان إلى بيت لابان لكنه يُرفض بعنف ويُطرد، فتفشل المحاولة الأولى للحصول على السجلات.
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we went down to the land of our inheritance, and we did gather together our gold, and our silver, and our precious things. And after we had gathered these things together, we went up again unto the house of Laban… for which we would give unto him our gold, and our silver, and all our precious things.
ينزلون إلى أرض الميراث لجمع الثروة ثم يعودون إلى لابان ليعرضوا المال مقابل السجلات، فتتحول المهمة إلى صفقة مادية.
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he did lust after it, insomuch that he thrust us out, and sent his servants to slay us… we did flee before the servants of Laban… we fled into the wilderness, and the servants of Laban did not overtake us
يستولي الطمع على لابان فيطردهم ويأمر بقتلهم، لكنهم يهربون وينجون إلى البرية دون أن يلحق بهم أحد.
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Laman and Lemuel did speak many hard words unto us, their younger brothers, and they did smite us even with a rod. And… an angel of the Lord came and stood before them… Know ye not that the Lord hath chosen him to be a ruler over you
يتصاعد العنف الأسري ضد نافي وإخوته، ثم يتدخل ملاك ليؤكد اختيار الرب لنافي بوصفه قائدًا فوقهم.
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they did follow me up until we came without the walls of Jerusalem. And it was by night; and I caused that they should hide themselves without the walls. And after they had hid themselves, I, Nephi, crept into the city
يصل الفريق ليلًا إلى خارج أسوار أورشليم، ويأمر نافي إخوته بالاختباء بينما يتسلل هو وحده إلى المدينة.
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I was led by the Spirit, not knowing beforehand the things which I should do… I beheld a man… for he was drunken with wine. And when I came to him I found that it was Laban.
يتحرك نافي بقيادة الروح من دون معرفة مسبقة، ثم يكتشف أن الرجل الساقط أمامه هو لابان نفسه.
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I beheld his sword, and I drew it forth from the sheath thereof; and the hilt thereof was of pure gold, and the workmanship thereof was exceedingly fine
يركز السرد على سيف لابان بوصفه غنيمة ذات قيمة ومظهر فخم، ما يهيئ لاستخدامه لاحقًا في الخداع والتنفيذ.
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I did obey the voice of the Spirit, and took Laban by the hair of the head, and I smote off his head with his own sword. And after I had smitten off his head… I took the garments of Laban and put them upon mine own body
ينفذ نافي الأمر الروحي بقتل لابان ثم يلبس ثيابه وسلاحه، فيتحول جسده إلى أداة تمويه للاحتيال على الآخرين.
أسئلة نقدية: cq_violence_001
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I commanded him in the voice of Laban… he spake unto me concerning the elders of the Jews… I also spake unto him that I should carry the engravings, which were upon the plates of brass, to my elder brethren
يستخدم نافي صوت لابان وهيئته ليأمر خادمَه ويمرر نفسه داخل بيت المال، ثم يعلن أنه سيحمل النقوش الموجودة على ألواح النحاس إلى إخوته.
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when Laman saw me he was exceedingly frightened, and also Lemuel and Sam. And they fled from before my presence… I called after them, and they did hear me; wherefore they did cease to flee
يؤدي ظهور نافي المتنكر إلى ذعر إخوته وفرارهم، ثم يوقفهم بندائه حتى يدركوا أنه ليس لابان.
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after we had come down into the wilderness unto our father, behold, he was filled with joy, and also my mother, Sariah, was exceedingly glad, for she truly had mourned because of us.
عودة الأبناء إلى الأسرة في البرية تُحوِّل الحزن السابق إلى فرح شديد، وتُظهر أن غيابهم كان قد أثار قلق الأم ومأساتها.
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to obtain the record of the Jews. And when we had returned to the tent of my father, behold their joy was full
الرحلة إلى أورشليم تُقدَّم بوصفها مهمة لاسترجاع سجل اليهود، ثم تنتهي بالعودة إلى الخيمة وامتلاء البيت بالفرح.
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Laman and Lemuel, and two of the daughters of Ishmael, and the two sons of Ishmael and their families, did rebel against us; yea, against me, Nephi, and Sam, and their father, Ishmael, and his wife, and his three other daughters.
ينفجر التمرد داخل القافلة نفسها، إذ ينقلب لامان ولموئيل وبعض أفراد بيت إيشماعيل على نافي ومن معه، ما يكشف هشاشة الجماعة أثناء الرحلة.
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they did lay their hands upon me… they did bind me with cords… I prayed unto the Lord… the bands were loosed from off my hands and feet
يتصاعد العنف ضد نافي إلى تقييده بالحبال، ثم يأتي ردّه بالصلاة، فتتحول الأزمة إلى نجاة معجزة بانفكاك القيود.
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And it came to pass that we had gathered together all manner of seeds of every kind, both of grain of every kind, and also of the seeds of fruit of every kind.
يُظهر النص أن الجماعة جمعت بذورًا متنوعة من الحبوب والثمار، ما يشير إلى الاستعداد للزراعة والبقاء في أرض جديدة.
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I saw a man, and he was dressed in a white robe; and he came and stood before me. And it came to pass that he spake unto me, and bade me follow him. … I began to pray unto the Lord that he would have mercy on me, according to the multitude of his tender mercies.
تتحول الرؤية إلى اختبار هداية: رجل بلباس أبيض يقود الراوي، ثم يدفعه الظلام إلى الصلاة وطلب الرحمة.
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I beheld a river of water; and it ran along, and it was near the tree … at the head thereof I beheld your mother Sariah, and Sam, and Nephi … And it came to pass that they did come unto me and partake of the fruit also.
يرى الراوي نهرًا قرب الشجرة ثم يلمح سارية وسام ونيفاي عند منبعه، فيناديهم فيأتون ويشاركونه الثمر.
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I was desirous that Laman and Lemuel should come and partake of the fruit also … I saw them, but they would not come unto me and partake of the fruit.
يبقى الباب مفتوحًا أمام لامان وليمويئيل، لكنهما يرفضان الاقتراب من الثمر، ما يرسّخ الانقسام داخل العائلة.
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I beheld a rod of iron, and it extended along the bank of the river, and led to the tree by which I stood. And I also beheld a strait and narrow path … even to the tree by which I stood;
يظهر قضيب حديدي وطريق ضيق مستقيم يقودان إلى الشجرة، فيقدمان وسيلة واضحة للوصول إلى الهدف.
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I saw numberless concourses of people … there arose a mist of darkness … they wandered off and were lost. … they did press forward through the mist of darkness, clinging to the rod of iron … until they did come forth and partake of the fruit of the tree.
الجمع الغفير ينقسم بين من يضلّ في الضباب ومن يتمسّك بالقضيب ويواصل التقدّم حتى يصل إلى الثمر.
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a great and spacious building; and it stood as it were in the air, high above the earth. And it was filled with people … in the attitude of mocking and pointing their fingers … they fell away into forbidden paths and were lost.
يقدّم البناء الواسع المرتفع مشهدًا للكبرياء والسخرية، إذ يستهزئ ساكنوه بمن يتناولون الثمر، فينتهي بعضهم إلى الضياع.
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And all these things did my father see, and hear, and speak, as he dwelt in a tent, in the valley of Lemuel, and also a great many more things, which cannot be written upon these plates.
يؤكد الراوي أن أباه رأى وسمع وتكلم بهذه الأمور وهو مقيم في خيمة بوادي ليمويل، ثم يضيف أن هناك أمورًا أخرى كثيرة لم تُدوَّن على هذه الصفائح.
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For it came to pass after I had desired to know the things that my father had seen, and believing that the Lord was able to make them known unto me, as I sat pondering in mine heart I was caught away in the Spirit of the Lord, yea, into an exceedingly high mountain, which I never had before seen, and upon which I never had before set my foot.
يُظهر النص أن رغبة نافي في معرفة رؤى أبيه، مع إيمانه بقدرة الرب، تقوده إلى تجربة رؤيوية تُنقله بالروح إلى جبل لم يره من قبل.
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And it came to pass that the Spirit said unto me: Look! And I looked and beheld a tree; and it was like unto the tree which my father had seen; and the beauty thereof was far beyond, yea, exceeding of all beauty; and the whiteness thereof did exceed the whiteness of the driven snow. … I behold thou hast shown unto me the tree which is precious above all.
يرى نافي الشجرة الموعودة ويصفها بأنها تفوق كل جمال، ثم يقرّ بأنها الشجرة الثمينة التي أُريَت له.
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And I looked and beheld the Redeemer of the world… And the Lamb of God went forth and was baptized of him; and after he was baptized, I beheld the heavens open, and the Holy Ghost come down out of heaven and abide upon him in the form of a dove. … And I also beheld twelve others following him.
تنتقل الرؤية إلى المعمودية ثم إلى نزول الروح القدس، وبعدها يظهر الاثنا عشر تابعين له، مما يربط بين بدء الخدمة وتشكيل الجماعة.
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I beheld angels descending upon the children of men; and they did minister unto them. … and they were healed by the power of the Lamb of God; and the devils and the unclean spirits were cast out.
تُظهر الرؤية الملائكة وهي تخدم البشر، ثم شفاء المرضى وطرد الأرواح الشريرة بقوة حمل الله.
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the Lamb of God, that he was taken by the people; yea, the Son of the everlasting God was judged of the world; and I saw and bear record. … I, Nephi, saw that he was lifted up upon the cross and slain for the sins of the world.
تبلغ الرؤية ذروتها في القبض على حمل الله ومحاكمته وصلبه، ويصرّح نافي بأنه شاهد وناقل لهذا الحدث الخلاصي.
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I beheld multitudes gathered together to battle, one against the other; and I beheld wars, and rumors of wars, and great slaughters with the sword among my people.
تُعرض الأرض بوصفها ساحة صراع متكرر، حيث تتجمع الجموع للحرب وتنتشر أخبار الحروب والمجازر بين شعب نافي.
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I beheld many generations pass away, after the manner of wars and contentions in the land; and I beheld many cities, yea, even that I did not number them.
الرؤيا تمتد عبر أجيال متعاقبة، وتربط تاريخ البلاد بالنزاع المستمر وكثرة المدن التي لا تُحصى.
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I, Nephi, also saw many of the fourth generation who passed away in righteousness. … I looked and beheld the people of my seed gathered together in multitudes against the seed of my brethren; and they were gathered together to battle.
ينتقل المشهد إلى أجيال لاحقة من ذرية نافي، بعضها يموت في البرّ، ثم تُرى الجماعتان المتنازعتان وقد اصطفّتا في مواجهة عسكرية.
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the seed of my brethren did contend against my seed… the seed of my brethren did overpower the people of my seed. … And I saw wars and rumors of wars among them; and in wars and rumors of wars I saw many generations pass away.
تتكرر سيطرة ذرية الإخوة على ذرية نافي، ويتواصل بينهم القتال وأخبار الحروب عبر أجيال متعاقبة.
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And I looked and beheld a man among the Gentiles, who was separated from the seed of my brethren by the many waters; and I beheld the Spirit of God, that it came down and wrought upon the man; and he went forth upon the many waters, even unto the seed of my brethren, who were in the promised land.
And it came to pass that I beheld the Spirit of God, that it wrought upon other Gentiles; and they w…
يرى نافي رجلًا من الأمم يتحرك عبر المياه إلى أرض الميعاد بدفع من روح الله، ثم يرى آخرين من الأمم يخرجون من الأسر ويسيرون عبر المياه أيضًا.
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And it came to pass that I beheld many multitudes of the Gentiles upon the land of promise; and I beheld the wrath of God, that it was upon the seed of my brethren; and they were scattered before the Gentiles and were smitten.
And I beheld the Spirit of the Lord, that it was upon the Gentiles, and they did prosper and obtain the land for their inheritance; and I beheld that they were white, and e…
يُصوَّر وصول الأمم إلى أرض الوعد بوصفه مرتبطًا بإدانة نسل الإخوة وتشتتهم، ثم بنجاح الأمم حين يتواضعون أمام الرب، ويُحفظون بقوة الله حتى في مواجهة حرب من جماعاتهم الأصلية، وينتهي المشهد بخلاصهم من أيدي الأمم الأخرى.
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the whore of all the earth … had dominion over all the earth, among all nations, kindreds, tongues, and people … the church of the Lamb … were also upon all the face of the earth
يعرض النص صراعًا عالميًا بين سلطة فاسدة تهيمن على الأرض وبين جماعة صغيرة منتشرة في كل مكان لكنها محدودة النفوذ.
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the great mother of abominations did gather together multitudes … to fight against the Lamb of God … the power of the Lamb of God … descended upon the saints
يصف النص تعبئة جماهير ضد الحمل، ثم يقابلها بتدخل قوة الحمل لصالح القديسين والمبعثرين، في مشهد مواجهة كونية.
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after I, Nephi, had been carried away in the spirit, and seen all these things, I returned to the tent of my father. And it came to pass that I beheld my brethren, and they were disputing one with another
يعود نافي من رؤيا روحية إلى خيمة أبيه، فيجد إخوته في جدال حول ما قاله الأب.
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we did take our bows and our arrows, and go forth into the wilderness to slay food for our families… following the same direction, keeping in the most fertile parts of the wilderness… we did follow the directions of the ball
يعرض النص نمط البقاء في البرية: الصيد لإطعام العائلة، والتحرك في المناطق الخصبة، ثم اتباع إرشادات الكرة في تحديد المسار.
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I did break my bow, which was made of fine steel; and after I did break my bow, behold, my brethren were angry with me because of the loss of my bow, for we did obtain no food… they did suffer much for the want of food.
ينكسر قوس نافي، فيتسبب ذلك في غضب الإخوة وفشلهم في الحصول على الطعام، ثم تتفاقم المعاناة بسبب الجوع والتعب.
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I, Nephi, did make out of wood a bow, and out of a straight stick, an arrow… he did inquire of the Lord… the voice of the Lord came unto my father; and he was truly chastened because of his murmuring
يبتكر نافي أدوات صيد بديلة، ثم يلجأ الأب إلى الرب طلبًا للإرشاد، فيأتي التأديب الإلهي بوصفه ردًا على التذمر.
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I did go forth up into the top of the mountain, according to the directions which were given upon the ball… I did slay wild beasts… they did humble themselves before the Lord, and did give thanks unto him.
يتبع نافي الإرشاد إلى الجبل ليصطاد الوحوش، ثم يعود بالطعام، فتتحول النتيجة إلى فرح جماعي وشكر وتواضع أمام الرب.
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Ishmael died, and was buried in the place which was called Nahom… Behold, let us slay our father, and also our brother Nephi… the Lord was with us, yea, even the voice of the Lord came and did speak many words unto them
يموت إيشماعيل ويُدفن في نهوم، ثم تتصاعد الأزمة إلى دعوة لقتل الأب ونافي، قبل أن يتدخل الرب بالكلام والتأديب فينقلب الغضب إلى توبة.
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Lord, whither shall I go that I may find ore to molten, that I may make tools to construct the ship … And it came to pass that the Lord told me whither I should go to find ore, that I might make tools.
يسأل نافي عن مصدر الخام اللازم لصنع الأدوات، ثم يجيبه الرب بمكانه، فيظهر أن التنفيذ العملي نفسه موجَّه بالوحي.
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And it came to pass that they did worship the Lord, and did go forth with me; and we did work timbers of curious workmanship. And the Lord did show me from time to time after what manner I should work the timbers of the ship.
يُظهر النص أن الجماعة تبدأ العمل في السفينة بعد عبادة الرب، وأن نافي يتلقى إرشادًا متكررًا من الرب حول كيفية تشكيل أخشابها.
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after I had finished the ship, according to the word of the Lord, my brethren beheld that it was good… the voice of the Lord came unto my father, that we should arise and go down into the ship.
بعد اكتمال السفينة وفق أمر الرب، يعترف الإخوة بجودة العمل، ثم يأتي توجيه إلهي جديد يأمر الأسرة بالنزول إلى السفينة.
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we did go down into the ship, with all our loading and our seeds… And now, my father had begat two sons in the wilderness; the elder was called Jacob and the younger Joseph… we did put forth into the sea and were driven forth before the wind towards the promised land.
تتحرك العائلة إلى السفينة محمّلة بالمؤن والبذور، ويُذكر ولدا ليحي الجديدان، ثم تبدأ الرحلة البحرية باتجاه الأرض الموعودة.
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Laman and Lemuel did take me and bind me with cords… the compass, which had been prepared of the Lord, did cease to work… there arose a great storm… for the space of three days
يُقيَّد نافي ظلمًا، ويتوقف البوصلة الإلهية عن العمل، فتتبع ذلك عاصفة شديدة تعجزهم عن تحديد المسار وتزيد الخطر على السفينة.
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I took the compass, and it did work whither I desired it… the winds did cease, and the storm did cease, and there was a great calm… we did arrive at the promised land
بعد إطلاق نافي، يعود البوصلة للعمل، وتستجيب الطبيعة لصلاته فتسكن الرياح والعاصفة، ثم تصل السفينة أخيرًا إلى الأرض الموعودة.
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we did begin to till the earth, and we began to plant seeds… which we had brought from the land of Jerusalem. And it came to pass that they did grow exceedingly; wherefore, we were blessed in abundance.
بعد الاستقرار، يبدأ القوم الزراعة باستخدام البذور المحمولة من أورشليم، ويُقدَّم نجاح المحصول علامة على البركة والوفرة.
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after I, Nephi, had read these things which were engraven upon the plates of brass, my brethren came unto me and said unto me: What meaneth these things which ye have read?
بعد قراءة نافي لما هو منقوش على ألواح النحاس، يقترب منه إخوته طالبين تفسير ما قرأه، فيبدأ الحوار حول معنى النص.